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A major challenge in Explainable AI is in correctly interpreting activations of hidden neurons: accurate interpretations would provide insights into the question of what a deep learning system has internally detected as relevant on the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Abhilekha Dalal , Md Kamruzzaman Sarker , Adrita Barua , Eugene Vasserman , Pascal Hitzler

Continual learning constrains models to learn new tasks over time without forgetting what they have already learned. A key challenge in this setting is catastrophic forgetting, where learning new information causes the model to lose its…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Federico Di Valerio , Michela Proietti , Alessio Ragno , Roberto Capobianco

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) aims to develop transparent explanatory approaches for "black-box" deep learning models. However,it remains difficult for existing methods to achieve the trade-off of the three key criteria in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-27 Changqi Sun , Hao Xu , Yuntian Chen , Dongxiao Zhang

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) provide interpretable prediction by introducing an intermediate Concept Bottleneck Layer (CBL), which encodes human-understandable concepts to explain models' decision. Recent works proposed to utilize Large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Divyansh Srivastava , Ge Yan , Tsui-Wei Weng

Capsule networks were proposed as an alternative approach to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for learning object-centric representations, which can be leveraged for improved generalization and sample complexity. Unlike CNNs, capsule…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Fabio De Sousa Ribeiro , Kevin Duarte , Miles Everett , Georgios Leontidis , Mubarak Shah

We present a novel architectural enhancement of Channel Boosting in a deep convolutional neural network (CNN). This idea of Channel Boosting exploits both the channel dimension of CNN (learning from multiple input channels) and Transfer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-07 Asifullah Khan , Anabia Sohail , Amna Ali

While concept-based interpretability methods have traditionally focused on local explanations of neural network predictions, we propose a novel framework and interactive tool that extends these methods into the domain of mechanistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Sofiia Chorna , Kateryna Tarelkina , Eloïse Berthier , Gianni Franchi

Neural network interpretability is a vital component for applications across a wide variety of domains. In such cases it is often useful to analyze a network which has already been trained for its specific purpose. In this work, we develop…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-19 Lawrence Phillips , Garrett Goh , Nathan Hodas

We propose a novel deep convolutional neural network (CNN) based multi-task learning approach for open-set visual recognition. We combine a classifier network and a decoder network with a shared feature extractor network within a multi-task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-03-11 Poojan Oza , Vishal M. Patel

In this era of artificial intelligence, deep neural networks like Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have emerged as front-runners, often surpassing human capabilities. These deep networks are often perceived as the panacea for all…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Neeraj Kumar Singh , Nikhil R. Pal

The popular methods for semi-supervised semantic segmentation mostly adopt a unitary network model using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and enforce consistency of the model's predictions over perturbations applied to the inputs or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Xu Zheng , Yunhao Luo , Chong Fu , Kangcheng Liu , Lin Wang

Semantic segmentation and instance level segmentation made substantial progress in recent years due to the emergence of deep neural networks (DNNs). A number of deep architectures with Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) were proposed that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-18 Pulak Purkait , Christopher Zach , Ian Reid

We combine concept-based neural networks with generative, flow-based classifiers into a novel, intrinsically explainable, exactly invertible approach to supervised learning. Prototypical neural networks, a type of concept-based neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Zachariah Carmichael , Timothy Redgrave , Daniel Gonzalez Cedre , Walter J. Scheirer

During the last decade, deep neural networks (DNN) have demonstrated impressive performances solving a wide range of problems in various domains such as medicine, finance, law, etc. Despite their great performances, they have long been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-13 Jiechieu Kameni Florentin Flambeau , Tsopze Norbert

Knowledge Tracing (KT) plays a central role in assessing students skill mastery and predicting their future performance. While deep learning based KT models achieve superior predictive accuracy compared to traditional methods, their…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Sein Minn , Roger Nkambou

Deep learning has become popular because of its potential to achieve high accuracy in prediction tasks. However, accuracy is not always the only goal of statistical modelling, especially for models developed as part of scientific research.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Thomas P Quinn , Sunil Gupta , Svetha Venkatesh , Vuong Le

The increasing complexity and frequency of cyber-threats demand intrusion detection systems (IDS) that are not only accurate but also interpretable. This paper presented a novel IDS framework that integrated Explainable Artificial…

Deep learning has shown great potential for automated medical image segmentation to improve the precision and speed of disease diagnostics. However, the task presents significant difficulties due to variations in the scale, shape, texture,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-06 Shahzaib Iqbal , Tariq M. Khan , Syed S. Naqvi , Asim Naveed , Erik Meijering

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are often considered black boxes due to their opaque decision-making processes. To reduce their opacity Concept Models (CMs), such as Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs), were introduced to predict human-defined…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Jack Furby , Dan Cunnington , Dave Braines , Alun Preece

Compressing convolutional neural networks (CNNs) by pruning and distillation has received ever-increasing focus in the community. In particular, designing a class-discrimination based approach would be desired as it fits seamlessly with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Yuchen Liu , David Wentzlaff , S. Y. Kung