Related papers: Illuminating the charged leptons in the proton
At LHCb, proton parton distribution functions (PDFs) can be studied in a unique phase space complementary to that accessible by ATLAS and CMS, corresponding to low and high values of Bjorken-$x$. The measurements of vector boson production…
Processes commonly studied at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) are induced by quarks and gluons inside the protons of the LHC beams. In this letter we demonstrate that, since protons also contain leptons, it is possible to target…
We present an updated determination of nuclear parton distributions (nPDFs) from a global NLO QCD analysis of hard processes in fixed-target lepton-nucleus and proton-nucleus together with collider proton-nucleus experiments. In addition to…
Heavy quark parton distribution functions (PDFs) play an important role in several Standard Model and New Physics processes. Most analyses rely on the assumption that the charm and bottom PDFs are generated perturbatively by gluon splitting…
Perturbative quantum chromodynamics (QCD) ceases to be applicable at low interaction energies due to the rapid increase of the strong coupling. In that limit, the non-perturbative regime determines the properties of quarks and gluons…
We describe the inclusion of the photon as an additional component of the proton's Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) in the MMHT framework. The input for the photon is adopted from the recent LUXqed determination. We describe the…
The interpretation of LHC data, and the assessment of possible hints of new physics, require the precise knowledge of the proton structure in terms of parton distribution functions (PDFs). I present a methodology designed to determine…
The photon PDF of the proton is needed for precision comparisons of LHC cross sections with theoretical predictions. In a recent paper, we showed how the photon PDF could be determined in terms of the electromagnetic proton structure…
Measurements of the deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) of leptons and nucleons, $e+p\to e+X$, allow the extraction of Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs) which describe the longitudinal momentum carried by the quarks, anti-quarks and gluons…
The unprecedented precision of experimental measurements at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the increased statistics that will be reached in the High-Luminosity phase of the LHC (HL-LHC) are pushing the phenomenology community to a new…
The description of the internal structure of hadrons is one of the main goal of QCD. At moderate energy scales, the hadronic representation succeeds to the partonic description, rendering challenging the description of the dynamics of…
We analyze the capability of prompt photon production in pp and pp(bar) collisions to constrain the gluon distribution of the proton, considering data from fixed-target experiments as well as collider measurements. Combined fits are…
We re-examine the current state of the art for the calculation of photon-initiated processes at the LHC, as formulated in terms of a photon PDF in the proton that may be determined rather precisely from the known proton structure functions.…
We investigate the feasibility of constraining parton distribution functions in the proton through a comparison with data on semi-inclusive deep-inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering. Specifically, we reweight replicas of these distributions…
A short review on charmed and beauty hadron production in the lepton deep inelastic scattering off proton, in proton-proton and proton-antiproton collisions at high energies is presented. It is shown that the existing theoretical and…
The potential of the LHeC, a future electron-proton collider, for precision Deep Inelastic Scattering measurements is reviewed with particular emphasis on the reduction of uncertainties on the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of the…
In this paper we discuss the effect of the complete leading-order QED corrections to the DGLAP equations in the perturbative evolution of parton distribution functions (PDFs). This requires the extension of the purely QCD DGLAP evolution,…
Despite rather long-term theoretical and experimental studies, the hypothesis of the non-zero intrinsic (or valence-like) heavy quark component of the proton distribution functions has not yet been confirmed or rejected. The LHC with…
We consider double parton distribution functions (dPDFs), essential quantities in double parton scattering (DPS) studies, which encode novel non perturbative insight on the partonic proton structure. We develop the formalism to extract this…
Since its start of data taking, the LHC has provided an impressive wealth of information on the quark and gluon structure of the proton. Indeed, modern global analyses of parton distribution functions (PDFs) include a wide range of LHC…