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Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) elevates the secure key rate from a linear to a square-root dependence on channel loss while preserving measurement-device-independent security. This protocol is uniquely positioned to enable…

With the goal of a space-based quantum network is to have satellites distribute keys between any nodes on the ground, we consider an evolved quantum network from a near-term form, in which a space-based relay, satellite executes a sequence…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-11 Xingyu Wang , Chen Dong , Jiahua Wei , Tianyi Wu , Taoyong Li , Huicun Yu , Lei Shi , Shanghong Zhao

The establishment of a world-wide quantum communication network relies on the synergistic integration of satellite-based links and fiber-based networks. The first are helpful for long-distance communication, as the photon losses introduced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-04 Carlo Liorni , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruß

Quantum key distribution (QKD) provides a promising approach to secure communications, with continuous-variable QKD (CV-QKD) offering compatibility with existing telecommunication infrastructure. Despite this advantage, CV-QKD is limited by…

Spacetime curvature of the Earth deforms wavepackets of photons sent from the Earth to satellites, thus influencing the quantum state of light. We show that Gaussian steering of photon pairs, which are initially prepared in a two-mode…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-10-25 Tonghua Liu , Jiliang Jing , Jieci Wang

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a pioneering quantum technology on the brink of widespread deployment. Nevertheless, the distribution of secret keys beyond a few 100 kilometers at practical rates remains a major challenge. One approach to…

In this work we analyze a quantum communication scheme for entanglement-based continuous variable quantum key distribution between two ground stations. Communication occurs via a satellite over two independent atmospheric fading channels…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-20 Nedasadat Hosseinidehaj , Robert Malaney

Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) promises ultra-long secure key distribution which surpasses the rate distance limit and can reduce the number of the trusted nodes in long-haul quantum network. Tremendous efforts have been made…

Satellite-based quantum terminals are a feasible way to extend the reach of quantum communication protocols such as quantum key distribution (QKD) to the global scale. To that end, prior demonstrations have shown QKD transmissions from…

Quantum key distribution (QKD) enables tap-proof exchange of cryptographic keys guaranteed by the very laws of physics. One of the last remaining roadblocks on the way towards widespread deployment of QKD is the high loss experienced during…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-06 Sebastian Ecker , Johannes Pseiner , Jorge Piris , Martin Bohmann

Satellite-to-ground quantum communication constitutes the cornerstone of the global quantum network, heralding the advent of the future of quantum information. Continuous-variable quantum key distribution is a strong candidate for…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-06-21 Shi-Gen Li , Chen-Long Li , Wen-Bo Liu , Hua-Lei Yin , Zeng-Bing Chen

Quantum key distribution (QKD) via geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites offers a compelling route to continuous, continental-scale secure communications. However, operation in this regime entails extreme channel loss and significant…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-29 Vaisakh Mannalath , Víctor Zapatero , Marcos Curty

Global-scale quantum communication networks will require efficient long-distance distribution of quantum signals. Optical fibre communication channels have range constraints due to exponential losses in the absence of quantum memories and…

Quantum Key Distribution~(QKD) is a technology that enables the exchange of private encryption keys between two legitimate parties, using protocols that involve quantum mechanics principles. The rate at which secret keys can be exchanged…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-19 Milo Grillo , Alexis A. Dowhuszko , Mohammad-Ali Khalighi , Jyri Hämäläinen

The Gaussian modulated continuous variable quantum key distribution (GM-CVQKD) protocol is known to maximise the mutual information between two parties during quantum key distribution (QKD). An alternative modulation scheme is the discrete…

In this work, we explore the feasibility of performing satellite-to-Earth quantum key distribution (QKD) using the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light. Due to the fragility of OAM states the conventional wisdom is that turbulence would…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-12-11 Ziqing Wang , Robert Malaney , Benjamin Burnett

Here we provide an alternative approach to determine the Earth's external gravitational potential field based on low-orbit target satellite (TS), geostationary satellites (GS), and microwave signal links between them. By emitting and…

Geophysics · Physics 2020-08-14 Ziyu Shen , WenBin Shen , Xinyu Xu , Shuangxi Zhang

We revisit polarization rotation due to gravity, known as the gravitational Faraday effect, with a view on its role in quantum communications with Earth-orbiting satellites. In a static spherically symmetric gravitational field Faraday…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2021-11-01 Pravin Kumar Dahal , Daniel R. Terno

Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a technique to establish a secret key between two parties through a quantum channel. Several QKD protocols have been proposed and implemented over optical fibers or free space links. The main challenge of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-09-20 Mitali Sisodia , Omshankar , Vivek Venkataraman , Joyee Ghosh

Satellite quantum communications are emerging within the panorama of quantum technologies as a more effective strategy to distribute completely-secure keys at very long distances, therefore playing an important role in the architecture of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-20 Stefano Pirandola