English
Related papers

Related papers: Comet nuclei composition and evolution

200 papers

The Rosetta mission and its exquisite measurements have revived the debate on whether comets are pristine planetesimals or collisionally evolved objects. We investigate the collisional evolution experienced by the precursors of current…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-11-04 Alessandro Morbidelli , Hans Rickman

One of the least understood properties of comets is the compositional structure of their nuclei, which can either be homogeneous or heterogeneous. The nucleus structure can be conveniently studied at millimeter wavelengths, using…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-04 Michal Drahus , David Jewitt , Aurelie Guilbert-Lepoutre , Waclaw Waniak , Albrecht Sievers

The measured nitrogen-to-carbon ratio in comets is lower than for the Sun, a discrepancy which could be alleviated if there is an unknown reservoir of nitrogen in comets. The nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko exhibits an…

We report on the detection of three icy cavities on the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. They were identified on high-resolution anaglyphs built from images acquired by the OSIRIS instrument aboard the Rosetta spacecraft on 2016…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-05-21 Philippe Lamy , Guillaume Faury , David Romeuf , Olivier Groussin

Comets are primitive objects that formed in the protoplanetary disk, and have been largely preserved over the history of the Solar System. However, they are not pristine, and surfaces of cometary nuclei do evolve. In order to understand the…

We report on the first major temporal morphological changes observed on the surface of the nucleus of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, in the smooth terrains of the Imhotep region. We use images of the OSIRIS cameras onboard Rosetta to…

We discuss the connection between the chemistry of dense interstellar clouds and those characteristics of cometary matter that could be remnants of it. The chemical evolution observed to occur in molecular clouds is summarized and a model…

Astrophysics · Physics 2017-08-02 S. B. Charnley , S. D. Rodgers

One of the main aims of the ESA Rosetta mission is to study the origin of the solar system by exploring comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko at close range. In this paper we discuss the origin and evolution of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in…

Deriving properties of cometary nuclei from coma data is of significant importance for our understanding of cometary activity and has implications beyond. Ground-based data represent the bulk of measurements available for comets. Yet, to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-08-14 Raphael Marschall , Björn J. R. Davidsson , Martin Rubin , Valeriy Tenishev

ESA's Rosetta spacecraft at comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko (67P) was the first mission that accompanied a comet over a substantial fraction of its orbit. On board was the ROSINA mass spectrometer suite to measure the local densities of the…

When the EPOXI spacecraft flew by Comet 103P/Hartley 2, it observed large particles floating around the comet nucleus. These particles are likely low-density, centimeter- to decimeter-sized clumps of ice and dust. While the origin of these…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-09-03 K. A. Kretke , H. F. Levison

The process of cometary activity continues to pose a challenging question in cometary science. The activity modeling of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, based on data from the Rosetta mission, has significantly enhanced our comprehension of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-24 Pablo Lemos , Jessica Agarwal , Raphael Marschall , Marius Pfeifer

The CoPhyLab (Cometary Physics Laboratory) project is designed to study the physics of comets through a series of earth-based experiments. For these experiments, a dust analogue was created with physical properties comparable to those of…

Molecular oxygen has been detected in the coma of comet 67P/Churyumov--Gerasimenko with a mean abundance of 3.80 $\pm$ 0.85\% by the ROSINA mass spectrometer on board the Rosetta spacecraft. To account for the presence of this species in…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-06-06 O. Mousis , T. Ronnet , J. I. Lunine , R. Maggiolo , P. Wurz , G. Danger , A. Bouquet

(Abridged) The birth environment of the Sun will have influenced the conditions in the pre-solar nebula, including the attainable chemical complexity, important for prebiotic chemistry. The formation and distribution of complex organic…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2014-06-04 Catherine Walsh , Eric Herbst , Hideko Nomura , T. J. Millar , Susanna Widicus Weaver

Molecular oxygen, O$_2$, was recently detected in comet 67P by the ROSINA instrument on board the Rosetta spacecraft with a surprisingly high abundance of 4 % relative to H$_2$O, making O$_2$ the fourth most abundant in comet 67P. Other…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-09-12 Vianney Taquet , Kenji Furuya , Catherine Walsh , Ewine F. van Dishoeck

The Rosetta space probe accompanied comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko for more than two years, obtaining an unprecedented amount of unique data of the comet nucleus and inner coma. This work focuses identifying the source regions of faint…

Comets can be divided into two groups: type I, characterized by high gas/dust ratio, low polarization, and a weak or absent 10 micron silicate feature, and type II, for which a low gas/dust ratio, high polarization, and strong silicate…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 L. Kolokolova , H. Kimura , N. Kiselev , V. Rosenbush

When viewed from Earth, most of what we observe of a comet is dust. The influence of solar radiation pressure on the trajectories of dust particles depends on their cross-section to mass ratio. Hence solar radiation pressure acts like a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-11 Jessica Agarwal , Yoonyoung Kim , Michael S. P. Kelley , Raphael Marschall

The trajectories of dust particles ejected from a comet are affected by solar radiation pressure as a function of their ratios of radiation pressure cross section to mass. Therefore, a study on the orbital evolution of the particles caused…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Hiroshi Kobayashi , Hiroshi Kimura , Satoru Yamamoto