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A number of competing hypotheses have been proposed to explain why small-batch Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD)leads to improved generalization over the full-batch regime, with recent work crediting the implicit regularization of various…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-30 Zachary Novack , Simran Kaur , Tanya Marwah , Saurabh Garg , Zachary C. Lipton

Adversarially robust models are locally smooth around each data sample so that small perturbations cannot drastically change model outputs. In modern systems, such smoothness is usually obtained via Adversarial Training, which explicitly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Adrián Rodríguez-Muñoz , Tongzhou Wang , Antonio Torralba

Several machine learning applications involve the optimization of higher-order derivatives (e.g., gradients of gradients) during training, which can be expensive in respect to memory and computation even with automatic differentiation. As a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Tianyu Pang , Kun Xu , Chongxuan Li , Yang Song , Stefano Ermon , Jun Zhu

In this paper, we consider a general stochastic optimization problem which is often at the core of supervised learning, such as deep learning and linear classification. We consider a standard stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-27 Lam M. Nguyen , Nam H. Nguyen , Dzung T. Phan , Jayant R. Kalagnanam , Katya Scheinberg

The stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method and its variants are algorithms of choice for many Deep Learning tasks. These methods operate in a small-batch regime wherein a fraction of the training data, say $32$-$512$ data points, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-02-13 Nitish Shirish Keskar , Dheevatsa Mudigere , Jorge Nocedal , Mikhail Smelyanskiy , Ping Tak Peter Tang

In overparameterized logistic regression, gradient descent (GD) iterates diverge in norm while converging in direction to the maximum $\ell_2$-margin solution -- a phenomenon known as the implicit bias of GD. This work investigates…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Jingfeng Wu , Peter Bartlett , Matus Telgarsky , Bin Yu

A number of results have recently demonstrated the benefits of incorporating various constraints when training deep architectures in vision and machine learning. The advantages range from guarantees for statistical generalization to better…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-27 Sathya N. Ravi , Tuan Dinh , Vishnu Lokhande , Vikas Singh

We provide a theoretical explanation for the effectiveness of gradient clipping in training deep neural networks. The key ingredient is a new smoothness condition derived from practical neural network training examples. We observe that…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2020-02-12 Jingzhao Zhang , Tianxing He , Suvrit Sra , Ali Jadbabaie

Regularization plays a vital role in the context of deep learning by preventing deep neural networks from the danger of overfitting. This paper proposes a novel deep learning regularization method named as DL-Reg, which carefully reduces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-05 Maryam Dialameh , Ali Hamzeh , Hossein Rahmani

We present Re-weighted Gradient Descent (RGD), a novel optimization technique that improves the performance of deep neural networks through dynamic sample re-weighting. Leveraging insights from distributionally robust optimization (DRO)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Ramnath Kumar , Kushal Majmundar , Dheeraj Nagaraj , Arun Sai Suggala

Deep learning models offer superior performance compared to other machine learning techniques for a variety of tasks and domains, but pose their own challenges. In particular, deep learning models require larger training times as the depth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Sunitha Basodi , Krishna Pusuluri , Xueli Xiao , Yi Pan

Gradient-based iterative optimization methods are the workhorse of modern machine learning. They crucially rely on careful tuning of parameters like learning rate and momentum. However, one typically sets them using heuristic approaches…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Dravyansh Sharma

Gradient descent or its variants are popular in training neural networks. However, in deep Q-learning with neural network approximation, a type of reinforcement learning, gradient descent (also known as Residual Gradient (RG)) is barely…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-15 Shuyu Yin , Tao Luo , Peilin Liu , Zhi-Qin John Xu

It is well understood that neural networks with carefully hand-picked weights provide powerful function approximation and that they can be successfully trained in over-parametrized regimes. Since over-parametrization ensures zero training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-21 G. Welper

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely believed to perform implicit regularization when used to train deep neural networks, but the precise manner in which this occurs has thus far been elusive. We prove that SGD minimizes an average…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-01-17 Pratik Chaudhari , Stefano Soatto

Deep neural networks are a promising approach towards multi-task learning because of their capability to leverage knowledge across domains and learn general purpose representations. Nevertheless, they can fail to live up to these promises…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-17 Mihai Suteu , Yike Guo

Fine-tuning pretrained models has become a standard approach to adapting pretrained knowledge to improve the accuracy on new sparse, imbalance datasets. However, issues arise when optimization falls into a collapsed state, where the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Nghia Bui , Lijing Wang

Modern deep learning techniques focus on extracting intricate information from data to achieve accurate predictions. However, the training datasets may be crowdsourced and include sensitive information, such as personal contact details,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-02-10 Zhongjie Shi , Puyu Wang , Chenyang Zhang , Yuan Cao

Advanced machine learning methods, and more prominently neural networks, have become standard to solve inverse problems over the last years. However, the theoretical recovery guarantees of such methods are still scarce and difficult to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-11 Nathan Buskulic , Jalal Fadili , Yvain Quéau

Machine Unlearning has recently garnered significant attention, aiming to selectively remove knowledge associated with specific data while preserving the model's performance on the remaining data. A fundamental challenge in this process is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Gaurav Patel , Qiang Qiu