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We study embodied reference understanding, the task of locating referents using embodied gestural signals and language references. Human studies have revealed that objects referred to or pointed to do not lie on the elbow-wrist line, a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-13 Yang Li , Xiaoxue Chen , Hao Zhao , Jiangtao Gong , Guyue Zhou , Federico Rossano , Yixin Zhu

Visual question answering requires a deep understanding of both images and natural language. However, most methods mainly focus on visual concept; such as the relationships between various objects. The limited use of object categories…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-25 Jung-Jun Kim , Dong-Gyu Lee , Jialin Wu , Hong-Gyu Jung , Seong-Whan Lee

A few decades of work in the AI field have focused efforts on developing a new generation of systems which can acquire knowledge via interaction with the world. Yet, until very recently, most such attempts were underpinned by research which…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-07-23 Michał B. Paradowski

Large language models (LLMs) have rapidly improved text embeddings for a growing array of natural-language processing tasks. However, their opaqueness and proliferation into scientific domains such as neuroscience have created a growing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Vinamra Benara , Chandan Singh , John X. Morris , Richard Antonello , Ion Stoica , Alexander G. Huth , Jianfeng Gao

In real-world scenarios, it is desirable for embodied agents to have the ability to leverage human language to gain explicit or implicit knowledge for learning tasks. Despite recent progress, most previous approaches adopt simple low-level…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Jiajun Xi , Yinong He , Jianing Yang , Yinpei Dai , Joyce Chai

Recent advances in generative modeling have spurred a resurgence in the field of Embodied Artificial Intelligence (EAI). EAI systems typically deploy large language models to physical systems capable of interacting with their environment.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-04-27 Selma Wanna , Fabian Parra , Robert Valner , Karl Kruusamäe , Mitch Pryor

Embodied Conversational Agents (ECAs) aim to emulate human face-to-face interaction through speech, gestures, and facial expressions. Current large language model (LLM)-based conversational agents lack embodiment and the expressive gestures…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 M. Hamza Mughal , Rishabh Dabral , Vera Demberg , Christian Theobalt

Visual Question Answering (VQA) has attracted much attention since it offers insight into the relationships between the multi-modal analysis of images and natural language. Most of the current algorithms are incapable of answering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-12-05 Guohao Li , Hang Su , Wenwu Zhu

Language model (LM)-based embodied agents are increasingly deployed in real-world settings. Yet, their adaptability remains limited in dynamic environments, where constructing accurate and flexible world models is crucial for effective…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jinwoo Jang , Minjong Yoo , Sihyung Yoon , Honguk Woo

Partial subtle mirroring of nonverbal behaviors during conversations (also known as mimicking or parallel empathy), is essential for rapport building, which in turn is essential for optimal human-human communication outcomes. Mirroring has…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-09 Katarzyna Pasternak , Zishi Wu , Ubbo Visser , Christine Lisetti

There has been a significant recent progress in the field of Embodied AI with researchers developing models and algorithms enabling embodied agents to navigate and interact within completely unseen environments. In this paper, we propose a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Luca Weihs , Matt Deitke , Aniruddha Kembhavi , Roozbeh Mottaghi

XR devices running chat-bots powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have the to become always-on agents that enable much better productivity scenarios. Current screen based chat-bots do not take advantage of the the full-suite of natural…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Riccardo Bovo , Steven Abreu , Karan Ahuja , Eric J Gonzalez , Li-Te Cheng , Mar Gonzalez-Franco

The pursuit of artificial general intelligence (AGI) has placed embodied intelligence at the forefront of robotics research. Embodied intelligence focuses on agents capable of perceiving, reasoning, and acting within the physical world.…

Robotic task instructions often involve a referred object that the robot must locate (ground) within the environment. While task intent understanding is an essential part of natural language understanding, less effort is made to resolve…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-07-29 Pradip Pramanick , Chayan Sarkar , Sayan Paul , Ruddra dev Roychoudhury , Brojeshwar Bhowmick

Human-robot interaction is increasingly moving toward multi-robot, socially grounded environments. Existing systems struggle to integrate multimodal perception, embodied expression, and coordinated decision-making in a unified framework.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Shaid Hasan , Breenice Lee , Sujan Sarker , Tariq Iqbal

Building embodied agents on integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) and Reinforcement Learning (RL) have revolutionized human-AI interaction: researchers can now leverage language instructions to plan decision-making for open-ended tasks.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Shaopeng Zhai , Jie Wang , Tianyi Zhang , Fuxian Huang , Qi Zhang , Ming Zhou , Jing Hou , Yu Qiao , Yu Liu

Building embodied agents capable of accomplishing arbitrary tasks is a core objective towards achieving embodied artificial general intelligence (E-AGI). While recent work has advanced such general robot policies, their training and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Liu Dai , Haina Wang , Weikang Wan , Hao Su

With the advent of generative AI and large language models, embodied conversational agents are becoming synonymous with online interactions. These agents possess vast amounts of knowledge but suffer from exhibiting limited emotional…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Abhishek Kulkarni , Alexander Barquero , Pavitra Lahari , Aryaan Shaikh , Sarah Brown

This paper introduces EmbodiedAgent, a hierarchical framework for heterogeneous multi-robot control. EmbodiedAgent addresses critical limitations of hallucination in impractical tasks. Our approach integrates a next-action prediction…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-08-18 Hanwen Wan , Yifei Chen , Yixuan Deng , Zeyu Wei , Dongrui Li , Zexin Lin , Donghao Wu , Jiu Cheng , Xiaoqiang Ji

Embodied task planning requires agents to execute long-horizon, goal-directed actions in complex 3D environments, where success depends on both immediate perception and accumulated experience across tasks. However, most existing LLM-based…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Xiaoyu Ma , Lianyu Hu , Wenbing Tang , Zixuan Hu , Zeqin Liao , Zhizhen Wu , Yang Liu