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Related papers: Learning to Reason With Relational Abstractions

200 papers

While interpretability methods identify a model's learned concepts, they overlook the relationships between concepts that make up its abstractions and inform its ability to generalize to new data. To assess whether models' have learned…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Angie Boggust , Hyemin Bang , Hendrik Strobelt , Arvind Satyanarayan

Chain of Thought (CoT) prompting can encourage language models to engage in multi-step logical reasoning. The quality of the provided demonstrations significantly influences the success of downstream inference tasks. Current unsupervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Yufeng Zhang , Xuepeng Wang , Lingxiang Wu , Jinqiao Wang

We consider problems of making sequences of decisions to accomplish tasks, interacting via the medium of language. These problems are often tackled with reinforcement learning approaches. We find that these models do not generalize well…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Xusen Yin , Ralph Weischedel , Jonathan May

Strategic reasoning enables agents to cooperate, communicate, and compete with other agents in diverse situations. Existing approaches to solving strategic games rely on extensive training, yielding strategies that do not generalize to new…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Kanishk Gandhi , Dorsa Sadigh , Noah D. Goodman

The ability to robustly identify causal relationships is essential for autonomous decision-making and adaptation to novel scenarios. However, accurately inferring causal structure requires integrating both world knowledge and abstract…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Khurram Yamin , Shantanu Gupta , Gaurav R. Ghosal , Zachary C. Lipton , Bryan Wilder

Algorithmic reasoning refers to the ability to understand the complex patterns behind the problem and decompose them into a sequence of reasoning steps towards the solution. Such nature of algorithmic reasoning makes it a challenge for…

The last decade has seen huge progress in the development of advanced machine learning models; however, those models are powerless unless human users can interpret them. Here we show how the mind's construction of concepts and meaning can…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-07-04 Nick Condry

Pre-trained language models (LMs) are able to perform complex reasoning without explicit fine-tuning. To understand how pre-training with a next-token prediction objective contributes to the emergence of such reasoning capability, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Xinyi Wang , Alfonso Amayuelas , Kexun Zhang , Liangming Pan , Wenhu Chen , William Yang Wang

Building systems that achieve a deeper understanding of language is one of the central goals of natural language processing (NLP). Towards this goal, recent works have begun to train language models on narrative datasets which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-02 Khai Loong Aw , Mariya Toneva

We explore how generating a chain of thought -- a series of intermediate reasoning steps -- significantly improves the ability of large language models to perform complex reasoning. In particular, we show how such reasoning abilities emerge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-12 Jason Wei , Xuezhi Wang , Dale Schuurmans , Maarten Bosma , Brian Ichter , Fei Xia , Ed Chi , Quoc Le , Denny Zhou

Document-level relation extraction requires integrating information within and across multiple sentences of a document and capturing complex interactions between inter-sentence entities. However, effective aggregation of relevant…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-29 Guoshun Nan , Zhijiang Guo , Ivan Sekulić , Wei Lu

The black-box nature of neural models has motivated a line of research that aims to generate natural language rationales to explain why a model made certain predictions. Such rationale generation models, to date, have been trained on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-16 Faeze Brahman , Vered Shwartz , Rachel Rudinger , Yejin Choi

While large language models (LLMs) are still being adopted to new domains and utilized in novel applications, we are experiencing an influx of the new generation of foundation models, namely multi-modal large language models (MLLMs). These…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-23 Kian Ahrabian , Zhivar Sourati , Kexuan Sun , Jiarui Zhang , Yifan Jiang , Fred Morstatter , Jay Pujara

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance by generating long chains of thought, but longer traces always introduce redundant or ineffective reasoning steps. One typical behavior is that they often perform unnecessary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Jinyi Han , Zixiang Di , Zishang Jiang , Ying Liao , Jiaqing Liang , Yongqi Wang , Yanghua Xiao

This work characterizes large language models' chain-of-thought generation as a structured trajectory through representation space. We show that mathematical reasoning traverses functionally ordered, step-specific subspaces that become…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Lihao Sun , Hang Dong , Bo Qiao , Qingwei Lin , Dongmei Zhang , Saravan Rajmohan

Large language models achieve strong performance on many complex reasoning tasks, yet their accuracy degrades sharply on benchmarks that require compositional reasoning, including ARC-AGI-2, GPQA, MATH, BBH, and HLE. Existing methods…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Sarim Chaudhry

The underperformance of existing multimodal large language models for time series reasoning lies in the absence of rationale priors that connect temporal observations to their downstream outcomes, which leads models to rely on superficial…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Qingxiang Liu , Zhiqing Cui , Xiaoliang Luo , Yuqian Wu , Zhuoyang Jiang , Huaiyu Wan , Sheng Sun , Lvchun Wang , Wei Yu , Yuxuan Liang

Reasoning-oriented large language models (RLMs) achieve strong gains on tasks such as mathematics and coding by generating explicit intermediate reasoning. However, their impact on machine translation (MT) remains underexplored. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Sara Rajaee , Sebastian Vincent , Alexandre Berard , Marzieh Fadaee , Kelly Marchisio , Tom Kocmi

Large language models have achieved remarkable capabilities across domains, yet mechanisms underlying sophisticated reasoning remain elusive. Recent reasoning models outperform comparable instruction-tuned models on complex cognitive tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-19 Junsol Kim , Shiyang Lai , Nino Scherrer , Blaise Agüera y Arcas , James Evans

Many recent studies have found evidence for emergent reasoning capabilities in large language models (LLMs), but debate persists concerning the robustness of these capabilities, and the extent to which they depend on structured reasoning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Yukang Yang , Declan Campbell , Kaixuan Huang , Mengdi Wang , Jonathan Cohen , Taylor Webb