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The Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is a state-of-the-art technique in the field of deep learning. A number of recent papers address the theory and applications of GANs in various fields of image processing. Fewer studies, however,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Shuyue Guan , Murray Loew

In his 1948 seminal paper A Mathematical Theory of Communication that birthed information theory, Claude Shannon introduced mutual information (MI), which he called "rate of transmission", as a way to quantify information gain (IG) and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Quan Nguyen , Adji Bousso Dieng

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) are powerful models able to synthesize data samples closely resembling the distribution of real data, yet the diversity of those generated samples is limited due to the so-called mode collapse…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-26 Jan Dubiński , Kamil Deja , Sandro Wenzel , Przemysław Rokita , Tomasz Trzciński

Despite advances in generation quality, current text-to-image (T2I) models often lack diversity, generating homogeneous outputs. This work introduces a framework to address the need for robust diversity evaluation in T2I models. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Isabela Albuquerque , Ira Ktena , Olivia Wiles , Ivana Kajić , Amal Rannen-Triki , Cristina Vasconcelos , Aida Nematzadeh

Advances in generative models increase the need for sample quality assessment. To do so, previous methods rely on a pre-trained feature extractor to embed the generated samples and real samples into a common space for comparison. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Jingyi Xu , Hieu Le , Dimitris Samaras

Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have shown remarkable results in modeling complex distributions, but their evaluation remains an unsettled issue. Evaluations are essential for: (i) relative assessment of different models and (ii)…

We present a novel metric for generative modeling evaluation, focusing primarily on generative networks. The method uses dendrograms to represent real and fake data, allowing for the divergence between training and generated samples to be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Gustavo Sutter Carvalho , Moacir Antonelli Ponti

With the advancement of generative models, the assessment of generated images becomes more and more important. Previous methods measure distances between features of reference and generated images from trained vision models. In this paper,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-04-10 Jaehui Hwang , Junghyuk Lee , Jong-Seok Lee

Graph generative models are a highly active branch of machine learning. Given the steady development of new models of ever-increasing complexity, it is necessary to provide a principled way to evaluate and compare them. In this paper, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-21 Leslie O'Bray , Max Horn , Bastian Rieck , Karsten Borgwardt

With the growing popularity of text-to-image generative models, there has been increasing focus on understanding their risks and biases. Recent work has found that state-of-the-art models struggle to depict everyday objects with the true…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Reyhane Askari Hemmat , Melissa Hall , Alicia Sun , Candace Ross , Michal Drozdzal , Adriana Romero-Soriano

Generative models, in particular generative adversarial networks (GANs), have received significant attention recently. A number of GAN variants have been proposed and have been utilized in many applications. Despite large strides in terms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-10-25 Ali Borji

Visual Similarity plays an important role in many computer vision applications. Deep metric learning (DML) is a powerful framework for learning such similarities which not only generalize from training data to identically distributed test…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-09-11 Timo Milbich , Karsten Roth , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Samarth Sinha , Yoshua Bengio , Björn Ommer , Joseph Paul Cohen

A basic, and still largely unanswered, question in the context of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) is whether they are truly able to capture all the fundamental characteristics of the distributions they are trained on. In particular,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-07 Shibani Santurkar , Ludwig Schmidt , Aleksander Mądry

Generative models like Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) often fail to capture the full diversity of their training data, leading to mode collapse. While this issue is well-explored in image…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Amime Mohamed Aboussalah , Yassine Abbahaddou

Although generative models have made remarkable progress in recent years, their use in critical applications has been hindered by an inability to reliably evaluate the quality of their generated samples. Quality refers to at least two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Nicolas Salvy , Hugues Talbot , Bertrand Thirion

Machine learning (ML) datasets, often perceived as neutral, inherently encapsulate abstract and disputed social constructs. Dataset curators frequently employ value-laden terms such as diversity, bias, and quality to characterize datasets.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Dora Zhao , Jerone T. A. Andrews , Orestis Papakyriakopoulos , Alice Xiang

The rapid development of generative AI (GenAI) models in computer vision necessitates effective evaluation methods to ensure their quality and fairness. Existing tools primarily focus on dataset quality assurance and model explainability,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Tica Lin , Hanspeter Pfister , Jui-Hsien Wang

Learning directionality between variables is crucial yet challenging, especially for mechanistic relationships without a priori ordering assumptions. We propose a coefficient of asymmetry to quantify directional asymmetry using Shannon's…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-11-11 Soumik Purkayastha , Peter X. -K. Song

Deep neural networks are commonly used for medical purposes such as image generation, segmentation, or classification. Besides this, they are often criticized as black boxes as their decision process is often not human interpretable.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Jana Fragemann , Lynton Ardizzone , Jan Egger , Jens Kleesiek

Score estimation is the backbone of score-based generative models (SGMs), especially denoising diffusion probabilistic models (DDPMs). A key result in this area shows that with accurate score estimates, SGMs can efficiently generate samples…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-04-08 Sinho Chewi , Alkis Kalavasis , Anay Mehrotra , Omar Montasser