Related papers: Entropy and Temperature in finite isolated quantum…
We analyze a method for preparing low-entropy many-body states in isolated quantum optical systems of atoms, ions and molecules. Our approach is based upon shifting entropy between different regions of a system by spatially modulating the…
Accurate characterization of entropy plays a pivotal role in capturing reversible and irreversible heating in supercapacitors during charging/discharging cycles. However, numerical methods that can faithfully capture entropy variation in…
The energy of a finite system thermally connected to a thermal reservoir may fluctuate, while the temperature is a constant representing a thermodynamic property of the reservoir. The finite system can also be used as a thermometer for the…
When the difference between changes in energy and entropy at a given temperature is correlated with the ratio between the same changes in energy and entropy at zero average free energy of an ensemble of similar but distinct molecule-sized…
Classical thermodynamics is unrivalled in its range of applications and relevance to everyday life. It enables a description of complex systems, made up of microscopic particles, in terms of a small number of macroscopic quantities, such as…
A quantum system of N Coulomb charges confined within a harmonic trap is considered over a wide range of densities and temperatures. A recently described construction of an equivalent classical system is applied in order to exploit the…
In the setup of isolated quantum systems, it is proved that the thermodynamic entropy and the diagonal entropy must increase extensively in any nontrivial quantum quench. The extensive increase of the thermodynamic entropy is shown for any…
We extend classical coarse-grained entropy, commonly used in many branches of physics, to the quantum realm. We find two coarse-grainings, one using measurements of local particle numbers and then total energy, and the second using local…
Emulating thermal observables on a digital quantum computer is essential for quantum simulation of many-body physics. However, thermalization typically requires a large system size due to incorporating a thermal bath, whilst limited…
Thermodynamic entropy is determined by a heat measurement through the Clausius equality. The entropy then formalizes a fundamental limitation of operations by the second law of thermodynamics. The entropy is also expressed as the Shannon…
Preparing thermal equilibrium states is an essential task for finite-temperature quantum simulations. In statistical mechanics, microstates in thermal equilibrium can be obtained from statistical ensembles. To date, numerous ensembles have…
At present, there is a worldwide effort to use cold atoms to simulate strongly correlated quantum many-body systems. It is hoped that these "simulations" will provide solutions to many unsolved problems. However, the relevant energy scales…
On a quantum superconducting processor we observe partial and infinite-temperature thermalization induced by a sequence of repeated quantum projective measurements, interspersed by a unitary (Hamiltonian) evolution. Specifically, on a qubit…
Let a general quantum many-body system at a low temperature adiabatically cross through the vicinity of the system's quantum critical point. We show that the system's temperature is significantly suppressed due to both the entropy…
Traditionally, it is understood that fluctuations in the equilibrium distribution are not evident in thermodynamic systems of large $N$ (the number of particles in the system) \cite{Huang1}. In this paper we examine the validity of this…
The paper analyzes the entropy of a system composed by non-interacting and indistinguishable particles whose quantum state numbers are modelled as independent and identically distributed classical random variables. The crucial observation…
We analyze the heat exchange distribution of quantum open systems undergoing a thermal relaxation that maximizes the entropy production. We show that the process implies a type of generalized law of cooling in terms of a time dependent…
The non-equilibrium process due to irreversible heat exchanges occurring during a temperature modulated differential scanning calorimetry experiment is investigated in detail. This enables us to define an experimental frequency dependent…
A novel method to determine the density and temperature of a system is proposed based on quantum fluctuations typical of Fermions in the limit where the reached temperature T is small compared to the Fermi energy $\epsilon_f$ at a given…
The microcanonical entropy s(e,m) as a function of the energy e and the magnetization m is computed analytically for the anisotropic quantum Heisenberg model with Curie-Weiss-type interactions. The result shows a number of interesting…