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Physical-layer key generation (PKG) based on wireless channels is a lightweight technique to establish secure keys between legitimate communication nodes. Recently, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have been leveraged to enhance the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-02 Chen Chen , Junqing Zhang , Tianyu Lu , Magnus Sandell , Liquan Chen

As a promising physical layer security technique, physical layer key generation (PLKG) enables legitimate users to obtain secret keys from wireless channel without security infrastructures. However, in harsh propagation environments, the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-03 Jiacheng Guo , Ning Gao , Yiping Zuo , Hao Xu , Shi Jin , Kai Kit Wong

Physical layer security (PLS) is seen as the means to enhance physical layer trustworthiness in 6G. This work provides a proof-of-concept for one of the most mature PLS technologies, i.e., secret key generation (SKG) from wireless fading…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-05-19 Amitha Mayya , Miroslav Mitev , Arsenia Chorti , Gerhard Fettweis

Conventionally, secrecy is achieved using cryptographic techniques beyond the physical layer. Recent studies raise the interest of performing encryption within the physical layer by exploiting some unique features of the physical wireless…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-08-19 Suzhi Bi , Xiaojun Yuan , Ying Jun Zhang

Physical-layer key generation (PKG) based on wireless channels is a lightweight technique to establish secure keys between legitimate communication nodes. Recently, intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs) have been leveraged to enhance the…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-01-20 Chen Chen , Junqing Zhang , Tianyu Lu , Magnus Sandell , Liquan Chen

Sixth-Generation (6G) wireless networks aim to support innovative Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications that demand faster and more secure data transmission. While higher Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) layers employ measures like…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-30 Dimitris Kompostiotis , Dimitris Vordonis , Vassilis Paliouras , George C. Alexandropoulos

The bloom of the fifth generation (5G) communication and beyond serves as a catalyst for physical layer key generation techniques. In 5G communications systems, many challenges in traditional physical layer key generation schemes, such as…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-29 Long Jiao , Ning Wang , Pu Wang , Amir Alipour-Fanid , Jie Tang , Kai Zeng

The physical-layer secret key generation has emerged as a promising solution for establishing cryptographic keys by leveraging reciprocal and time-varying wireless channels. However, existing approaches suffer from low key generation rates…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-12-07 Guyue Li , Haiyu Yang , Junqing Zhang , Hongbo Liu , Aiqun Hu

Sixth-generation (6G) networks pose substantial security risks because confidential information is transmitted over wireless channels with a broadcast nature, and various attack vectors emerge. Physical layer security (PLS) exploits the…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Waqas Khalid , M. Atif Ur Rehman , Trinh Van Chien , Zeeshan Kaleem , Howon Lee , Heejung Yu

With the emergence of the internet of things (IoT) technology, wireless connectivity should be more ubiquitous than ever. In fact, the availability of wireless connection everywhere comes with security threats that, unfortunately, cannot be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-09-11 Abdullateef Almohamad , Anas M. Tahir , Ayman Al-Kababji , Haji M. Furqan , Tamer Khattab , Mazen O. Hasna , Huseyin Arslan

Physical layer approaches for generating secret encryption keys for wireless systems using channel information have attracted increased interest from researchers in recent years. This paper presents a new approach for calculating…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-07-11 John A. Snoap

Re-configurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) technology is increasingly becoming a potential component for next-generation wireless networks, offering enhanced performance in terms of throughput, spectral, and energy efficiency. However, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Hala Amin , Waqas Aman , Saif Al-Kuwari

We develop a new integrated communications and security (ICAS) design paradigm by leveraging the concept of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs). In particular, we propose RIS-assisted simultaneous transmission and secret key…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-07-30 Ning Gao , Yuze Yao , Shi Jin , Cen Li , Michail Matthaiou

Physical-layer key generation (PKG) establishes cryptographic keys from highly correlated measurements of wireless channels, which relies on reciprocal channel characteristics between uplink and downlink, is a promising wireless security…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-09-01 Xinwei Zhang , Guyue Li , Junqing Zhang , Aiqun Hu , Zongyue Hou , Bin Xiao

Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RISs) are a promising technique for enhancing the performance of Next Generation (NextG) wireless communication systems in terms of both spectral and energy efficiency, as well as resource utilization.…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Maria Tsampazi , Tommaso Melodia

Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-aided wireless communications have drawn significant attention recently. We study the physical layer security of the downlink RIS-aided transmission framework for randomly located users in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-04-09 Jiayi Zhang , Hongyang Du , Qiang Sun , Bo Ai , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) are regarded as a promising emerging hardware technology to improve the spectrum and energy efficiency of wireless networks by artificially reconfiguring the propagation environment of…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Xiaojun Yuan , Ying-Jun Angela Zhang , Yuanming Shi , Wenjing Yan , Hang Liu

Key generation is a promising technique to establish symmetric keys between resource-constrained legitimate users. However, key generation suffers from low secret key rate (SKR) in harsh environments where channel randomness is limited. To…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2022-08-02 Tianyu Lu , Liquan Chen , Junqing Zhang , Chen Chen , Aiqun Hu

In this paper, we consider the problem of secret key generation for multiple parties. Multi-user networks usually require a trusted party to efficiently distribute keys to the legitimate users and this process is a weakness against…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Ufuk Altun , Semiha T. Basaran , Gunes K. Kurt , Enver Ozdemir

Physical-layer key generation methods utilize the variations of the communication channel to achieve a secure key agreement between two parties with no prior security association. Their secrecy rate (bit generation rate) depends heavily on…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-08 Jordan L. Melcher , Yao Zheng , Dylan Anthony , Matthew Troglia , Yanjun Pan , Ming Li , Thomas Yang , Alvin Yang , Samson Aggelopoulos