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Wikipedia is the first address for scientists who want to recap basic mathematical and physical laws and concepts. Today, formulae in those pages are displayed as Portable Network Graphics images. Those images do not integrate well into the…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2014-08-20 Moritz Schubotz , Gabriel Wicke

With few exceptions, the field of Machine Learning (ML) research has largely ignored the browser as a computational engine. Beyond an educational resource for ML, the browser has vast potential to not only improve the state-of-the-art in ML…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2015-06-18 Edward Meeds , Remco Hendriks , Said Al Faraby , Magiel Bruntink , Max Welling

Wikipedia, the world largest encyclopedia contains a lot of knowledge that is expressed as formulae exclusively. Unfortunately, this knowledge is currently not fully accessible by intelligent information retrieval systems. This immense body…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2013-04-22 Moritz Schubotz

Implementation of an editing process for Content MathML formulas in common visual style is a real challenge for a software developer who does not really want the user to have to understand the structure of Content MathML in order to edit an…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2010-05-04 Andriy Kovalchuk , Vyacheslav Levitsky , Igor Samolyuk , Valentyn Yanchuk

As one of the longest-running computer-assisted formal mathematics projects, large tracts of mathematical knowledge have been formalized with the help of the Mizar system. Because Mizar is based on first-order classical logic and set…

Logic · Mathematics 2013-11-11 Jesse Alama

This paper describes mathlib, a community-driven effort to build a unified library of mathematics formalized in the Lean proof assistant. Among proof assistant libraries, it is distinguished by its dependently typed foundations, focus on…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2020-01-28 The mathlib Community

This poster summarizes our contributions to Wikimedia's processing pipeline for mathematical formulae. We describe how we have supported the transition from rendering formulae as course-grained PNG images in 2001 to providing modern…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2020-05-08 Moritz Schubotz , André Greiner-Petter , Norman Meuschke , Olaf Teschke , Bela Gipp

MathGloss is a project to create a knowledge graph (KG) for undergraduate mathematics from text, automatically, using modern natural language processing (NLP) tools and resources already available on the web. MathGloss is a linked database…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Lucy Horowitz , Valeria de Paiva

[Context] Machine learning (ML)-enabled systems are present in our society, driving significant digital transformations. The dynamic nature of ML development, characterized by experimental cycles and rapid changes in data, poses challenges…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-27 Lucas Romao , Hugo Villamizar , Romeu Oliveira , Silvio Alonso , Marcos Kalinowski

As a present to Mizar on its 40th anniversary, we develop an AI/ATP system that in 30 seconds of real time on a 14-CPU machine automatically proves 40% of the theorems in the latest official version of the Mizar Mathematical Library (MML).…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-04-13 Cezary Kaliszyk , Josef Urban

In this paper, we present a new approach to the semantic enrichment of mathematical expression problem. Our approach is a combination of statistical machine translation and disambiguation which makes use of surrounding text of the…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2013-06-03 Minh-Quoc Nghiem , Giovanni Yoko Kristianto , Goran Topic , Akiko Aizawa

Math informational retrieval (MIR) search engines are absent in the wide-spread production use, even though documents in the STEM fields contain many mathematical formulae, which are sometimes more important than text for understanding. We…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Dávid Lupták , Vít Novotný , Michal Štefánik , Petr Sojka

Digital mathematical libraries (DMLs) such as arXiv, Numdam, and EuDML contain mainly documents from STEM fields, where mathematical formulae are often more important than text for understanding. Conventional information retrieval (IR)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2018-08-29 Petr Sojka , Michal Růžička , Vít Novotný

With the exponential increase in online scientific literature, identifying reliable domain-specific data has become increasingly important but also very challenging. Manual data collection and filtering for domain-specific scientific…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Nikita Gautam , Doina Caragea , Ignacio Ciampitti , Federico Gomez

Symbolic and logic computation systems ranging from computer algebra systems to theorem provers are finding their way into science, technology, mathematics and engineering. But such systems rely on explicitly or implicitly represented…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-05-04 Florian Rabe , Michael Kohlhase

This project investigated new approaches and technologies to enhance the accessibility of mathematical content and its semantic information for a broad range of information retrieval applications. To achieve this goal, the project addressed…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Bela Gipp , André Greiner-Petter , Moritz Schubotz , Norman Meuschke

Mathematical formulae carry complex and essential semantic information in a variety of formats. Accessing this information with different systems requires a standardized machine-readable format that is capable of encoding presentational and…

Digital Libraries · Computer Science 2021-09-20 André Greiner-Petter , Moritz Schubotz , Howard S. Cohl , Bela Gipp

In this paper we share several experiments trying to automatically translate informal mathematics into formal mathematics. In our context informal mathematics refers to human-written mathematical sentences in the LaTeX format; and formal…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2019-12-16 Qingxiang Wang , Chad Brown , Cezary Kaliszyk , Josef Urban

Machine learning (ML) methods can expand our ability to construct, and draw insight from large datasets. Despite the increasing volume of planetary observations, our field has seen few applications of ML in comparison to other sciences. To…

We introduce MLFMF, a collection of data sets for benchmarking recommendation systems used to support formalization of mathematics with proof assistants. These systems help humans identify which previous entries (theorems, constructions,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-25 Andrej Bauer , Matej Petković , Ljupčo Todorovski