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Related papers: Improving uplift model evaluation on RCT data

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Uplift modeling has been used effectively in fields such as marketing and customer retention, to target those customers who are more likely to respond due to the campaign or treatment. Essentially, it is a machine learning technique that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-10 Kun Li , Liangshu Zhu

Uplift modeling comprises a collection of machine learning techniques designed for managers to predict the incremental impact of specific actions on customer outcomes. However, accurately estimating this incremental impact poses significant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-10 Junjie Gao , Xiangyu Zheng , DongDong Wang , Zhixiang Huang , Bangqi Zheng , Kai Yang

Uplift modeling has achieved significant success in various fields, particularly in online marketing. It is a method that primarily utilizes machine learning and deep learning to estimate individual treatment effects. This paper we apply…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Xinlin Wang , Mats Brorsson

Uplift modeling has been widely employed in online marketing by predicting the response difference between the treatment and control groups, so as to identify the sensitive individuals toward interventions like coupons or discounts.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Bowei He , Yunpeng Weng , Xing Tang , Ziqiang Cui , Zexu Sun , Liang Chen , Xiuqiang He , Chen Ma

In this tech report we discuss the evaluation problem of contextual uplift modeling from the causal inference point of view. More particularly, we instantiate the individual treatment effect (ITE) estimation, and its evaluation counterpart.…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-08-03 Christophe Renaudin , Matthieu Martin

There are various applications, where companies need to decide to which individuals they should best allocate treatment. To support such decisions, uplift models are applied to predict treatment effects on an individual level. Based on the…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-12-11 Björn Bokelmann , Stefan Lessmann

Uplift modeling has emerged as a crucial technique for individualized treatment effect estimation, particularly in fields such as marketing and healthcare. Modeling uplift effects in multi-treatment scenarios plays a key role in real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Ruyue Zhang , Xiaopeng Ke , Ming Liu , Fangzhou Shi , Chang Men , Zhengdan Zhu

Individual Treatment Effect (ITE) prediction is an important area of research in machine learning which aims at explaining and estimating the causal impact of an action at the granular level. It represents a problem of growing interest in…

In many business applications, including online marketing and customer churn prevention, randomized controlled trials (RCT's) are conducted to investigate on the effect of specific treatment (coupon offers, advertisement mailings,...). Such…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-01-26 Björn Bokelmann , Stefan Lessmann

We study uplift estimation for combinatorial treatments. Uplift measures the pure incremental causal effect of an intervention (e.g., sending a coupon or a marketing message) on user behavior, modeled as a conditional individual treatment…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-24 Xinyan Su , Jiacan Gao , Mingyuan Ma , Xiao Xu , Xinrui Wan , Tianqi Gu , Enyun Yu , Jiecheng Guo , Zhiheng Zhang

Customer scoring models are the core of scalable direct marketing. Uplift models provide an estimate of the incremental benefit from a treatment that is used for operational decision-making. Training and monitoring of uplift models require…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-02 Johannes Haupt , Daniel Jacob , Robin M. Gubela , Stefan Lessmann

Uplift modeling requires experimental data, preferably collected in random fashion. This places a logistical and financial burden upon any organisation aspiring such models. Once deployed, uplift models are subject to effects from concept…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-02-04 Jeroen Berrevoets , Wouter Verbeke

Uplift modeling is an area of machine learning which aims at predicting the causal effect of some action on a given individual. The action may be a medical procedure, marketing campaign, or any other circumstance controlled by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-07-23 Michał Sołtys , Szymon Jaroszewicz

Today, treatment effect estimation at the individual level is a vital problem in many areas of science and business. For example, in marketing, estimates of the treatment effect are used to select the most efficient promo-mechanics; in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-04 Aleksey Buzmakov , Daria Semenova , Maria Temirkaeva

Despite the growing popularity of machine-learning techniques in decision-making, the added value of causal-oriented strategies with respect to pure machine-learning approaches has rarely been quantified in the literature. These strategies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-22 Théo Verhelst , Robin Petit , Wouter Verbeke , Gianluca Bontempi

Uplift models support decision-making in marketing campaign planning. Estimating the causal effect of a marketing treatment, an uplift model facilitates targeting communication to responsive customers and efficient allocation of marketing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-21 Robin M. Gubela , Stefan Lessmann , Szymon Jaroszewicz

AI models are often evaluated based on their ability to predict the outcome of interest. However, in many AI for social impact applications, the presence of an intervention that affects the outcome can bias the evaluation. Randomized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Winston Chen , Michael W. Sjoding , Jenna Wiens

Uplift modeling is widely used in performance marketing to estimate effects of promotion campaigns (e.g., increase of customer retention rate). Since it is impossible to observe outcomes of a recipient in treatment (e.g., receiving a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-18 Yao Zhao , Haipeng Zhang , Shiwei Lyu , Ruiying Jiang , Jinjie Gu , Guannan Zhang

We propose a method to reduce variance in treatment effect estimates in the setting of high-dimensional data. In particular, we introduce an approach for learning a metric to be used in matching treatment and control groups. The metric…

Applications · Statistics 2017-12-15 Jonathan Bates , Alexander Cloninger

As a key component in boosting online user growth, uplift modeling aims to measure individual user responses (e.g., whether to play the game) to various treatments, such as gaming bonuses, thereby enhancing business outcomes. However,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Yuxiang Wei , Zhaoxin Qiu , Yingjie Li , Yuke Sun , Xiaoling Li