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Interpretable multi-hop reading comprehension (RC) over multiple documents is a challenging problem because it demands reasoning over multiple information sources and explaining the answer prediction by providing supporting evidences. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-12 Ming Tu , Kevin Huang , Guangtao Wang , Jing Huang , Xiaodong He , Bowen Zhou

Most domain adaptation methods for machine reading comprehension (MRC) use a pre-trained question-answer (QA) construction model to generate pseudo QA pairs for MRC transfer. Such a process will inevitably introduce mismatched pairs (i.e.,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-26 Liang Jiang , Zhenyu Huang , Jia Liu , Zujie Wen , Xi Peng

Healthcare question answering assistance aims to provide customer healthcare information, which widely appears in both Web and mobile Internet. The questions usually require the assistance to have proficient healthcare background knowledge…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-09-29 Ye Liu , Shaika Chowdhury , Chenwei Zhang , Cornelia Caragea , Philip S. Yu

We present Code-QA-Bench, a fully automated framework for synthesizing repository-level code understanding benchmarks that separates genuine code comprehension from documentation recall and pretraining memorization. The framework makes two…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Jun Zhang , JianYing Qu , Hanwen Du , Zhongkai Sun , Yehua Yang , Qiao Zhao

Web question answering (QA) has become an indispensable component in modern search systems, which can significantly improve users' search experience by providing a direct answer to users' information need. This could be achieved by applying…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2019-07-12 Lixin Su , Jiafeng Guo , Yixing Fan , Yanyan Lan , Xueqi Cheng

In specialized fields like the scientific domain, constructing large-scale human-annotated datasets poses a significant challenge due to the need for domain expertise. Recent methods have employed large language models to generate synthetic…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-18 SeongKu Kang , Bowen Jin , Wonbin Kweon , Yu Zhang , Dongha Lee , Jiawei Han , Hwanjo Yu

Document Visual Question Answering (Document VQA) must cope with documents that span dozens of pages, yet leading systems still concatenate every page or rely on very large vision-language models, both of which are memory-hungry.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-29 Eric López , Artemis Llabrés , Ernest Valveny

Emotion cause extraction aims to identify the reasons behind a certain emotion expressed in text. It is a much more difficult task compared to emotion classification. Inspired by recent advances in using deep memory networks for question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-26 Lin Gui , Jiannan Hu , Yulan He , Ruifeng Xu , Qin Lu , Jiachen Du

Existing long-document question answering systems typically process texts as flat sequences or use heuristic chunking, which overlook the discourse structures that naturally guide human comprehension. We present a discourse-aware…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Huiyao Chen , Yi Yang , Yinghui Li , Meishan Zhang , Baotian Hu , Min Zhang

Document understanding and information extraction include different tasks to understand a document and extract valuable information automatically. Recently, there has been a rising demand for developing document understanding among…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Soyeon Caren Han , Yihao Ding , Siwen Luo , Josiah Poon , HeeGuen Yoon , Zhe Huang , Paul Duuring , Eun Jung Holden

Open-domain question answering (QA) tasks usually require the retrieval of relevant information from a large corpus to generate accurate answers. We propose a novel approach called Generator-Retriever-Generator (GRG) that combines document…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Adam Jatowt

Recently, automatically extracting information from visually rich documents (e.g., tickets and resumes) has become a hot and vital research topic due to its widespread commercial value. Most existing methods divide this task into two…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-15 Zhanzhan Cheng , Peng Zhang , Can Li , Qiao Liang , Yunlu Xu , Pengfei Li , Shiliang Pu , Yi Niu , Fei Wu

Open-domain complex Question Answering (QA) is a difficult task with challenges in evidence retrieval and reasoning. The complexity of such questions could stem from questions being compositional, hybrid evidence, or ambiguity in questions.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-26 Venktesh V. Deepali Prabhu , Avishek Anand

Quantitative research increasingly relies on unstructured financial content such as filings, earnings calls, and research notes, yet existing LLM and RAG pipelines struggle with point-in-time correctness, evidence attribution, and…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Haoxue Wang , Keli Wen , Yuante Li , Qiancheng Qu , Xiangxu Mu , Xinjie Shen , Jiaqi Gao , Chenyang Chang , Chuhan Xie , San Yu Cheung , Zhuoyuan Hu , Xinyu Wang , Sirui Bi , Bi'an Du

Answering questions related to the legal domain is a complex task, primarily due to the intricate nature and diverse range of legal document systems. Providing an accurate answer to a legal query typically necessitates specialized knowledge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-18 Abdelrahman Abdallah , Bhawna Piryani , Adam Jatowt

Dense neural text retrieval has achieved promising results on open-domain Question Answering (QA), where latent representations of questions and passages are exploited for maximum inner product search in the retrieval process. However,…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-11-01 Ye Liu , Kazuma Hashimoto , Yingbo Zhou , Semih Yavuz , Caiming Xiong , Philip S. Yu

Comprehensively retrieving diverse documents is crucial to address queries that admit a wide range of valid answers. We introduce retrieve-verify-retrieve (RVR), a multi-round retrieval framework designed to maximize answer coverage.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-23 Deniz Qian , Hung-Ting Chen , Eunsol Choi

Retrieval-Augmented Language Models (RALMs) have significantly improved performance in open-domain question answering (QA) by leveraging external knowledge. However, RALMs still struggle with unanswerable queries, where the retrieved…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Seong-Il Park , Seung-Woo Choi , Na-Hyun Kim , Jay-Yoon Lee

The exponential growth of AI in science necessitates efficient and scalable solutions for retrieving and preserving research information. Here, we present a tool for the development of a customized question-answer (QA) dataset, called…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Qiming Liu , Zhongzheng Niu , Siting Liu , Mao Tian

We propose a new model, DocHopper, that iteratively attends to different parts of long, hierarchically structured documents to answer complex questions. Similar to multi-hop question-answering (QA) systems, at each step, DocHopper uses a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Haitian Sun , William W. Cohen , Ruslan Salakhutdinov