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We present AT2020mrf (SRGe J154754.2$+$443907), an extra-galactic ($z=0.1353$) fast blue optical transient (FBOT) with a rise time of $t_{g,\rm rise}=3.7$ days and a peak luminosity of $M_{g,\rm peak}=-20.0$. Its optical spectrum around…

A wide range of stellar explosions, including supernovae (SNe), tidal disruption events (TDE), and fast blue optical transients (FBOT), can occur in dusty environments initially opaque to the transient's optical/UV light, becoming visible…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-24 Semih Tuna , Brian D. Metzger , Yan-Fei Jiang , Christopher J. White

We report the discovery of a luminous late-time source at the position of the fast blue optical transient (FBOT) AT2018cow on images taken by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) at 714 d and 1136 d after its explosion. This source is detected…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2022-03-14 Ning-Chen Sun , Justyn R. Maund , Paul A. Crowther , Liang-Duan Liu

The Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transient (LFBOT) AT 2018cow is the prototype of its class with an extensive set of multi-wavelength observations. Despite a rich data set there is, still, no consensus about the physical nature and origin of…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-10 Anne Inkenhaag , Andrew J. Levan , Andrew Mummery , Peter G. Jonker

The fast-rising blue optical transient AT2018cow indicated unusual early phase characteristics unlike relatively better studied explosive transients. Its afterglow may be produced by either a relativistically beamed (jetted) or…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2020-01-20 P. Mohan , T. An , J. Yang

Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transients (LFBOTs) - the prototypical example being AT2018cow - are a rare class of events whose origins are poorly understood. They are characterised by rapid evolution, featureless blue spectra at early times,…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2023-10-04 A. A. Chrimes , P. G. Jonker , A. J. Levan , D. L. Coppejans , N. Gaspari , B. P. Gompertz , P. J. Groot , D. B. Malesani , A. Mummery , E. R. Stanway , K. Wiersema

We propose that luminous fast blue optical transients (LFBOTs) signal the delayed conversion of a massive neutron star (NS; M_NS > ~1.8 Msun) into a highly magnetized hybrid star (HS) with B_HS ~10^15 G surface field; a QCD magnetar. This…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-05-13 Rachid Ouyed

We present X-ray and radio observations of the Fast Blue Optical Transient (FBOT) CRTS-CSS161010 J045834-081803 (CSS161010 hereafter) at t=69-531 days. CSS161010 shows luminous X-ray ($L_x\sim5\times 10^{39}\,\rm{erg\,s^{-1}}$) and radio…

Binaries in which a massive donor star undergoes an extended ($\gtrsim$ kyr) phase of stable mass transfer onto a black hole (BH) accretor offer a promising channel for creating LIGO gravitational wave sources. However, in many systems the…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-10-14 Jakub Klencki , Brian D. Metzger

Around 10 % of hydrogen-poor supernovae explode inside compact ($\sim 10^{15}$ cm), massive ($\sim 0.1 \ \mathrm{M_\odot}$) circumstellar material (CSM), signalling an episode of enhanced pre-explosion mass loss whose mechanism remains…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-30 Ryotaro Chiba , Semih Tuna , Brian D. Metzger , Takashi J. Moriya

The Fast Blue Optical Transient (FBOT) ATLAS18qqn (AT2018cow) has a light curve as bright as superluminous supernovae but rises and falls much faster. We model this light curve by circumstellar interaction of a pulsational pair-instability…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-03-16 Shing-Chi Leung , Sergei Blinnikov , Ken'ichi Nomoto , Petr Baklanov , Elena Sorokina , Alexey Tolstov

SN 2010jl is a Type IIn core collapse supernova whose radiative output is powered by the interaction of the SN shock wave with its surrounding dense circumstellar medium (CSM). After day ~60, its light curve developed a NIR excess emission…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2021-09-01 Eli Dwek , Arkaprabha Sarangi , Richard G. Arendt , Timothy Kallman , Demos Kazanas , Ori D. Fox

The fast blue optical transients (FBOTs) are a new population of extragalactic transients of unclear physical origin. A variety of mechanisms have been proposed including failed supernova explosion, shock interaction with a dense medium,…

The many unusual properties of the enigmatic AT2018cow suggested that at least some subset of the empirical class of fast blue optical transients (FBOTs) represents a genuinely new astrophysical phenomenon. Unfortunately, the intrinsic…

Luminous Fast Blue Optical Transients (LFBOTs) are a class of extragalactic transient of uncertain origin. Several hypotheses have been put forward which could feasibly be consistent with the sample number of events discovered thus far,…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-12-18 A. A. Chrimes , N. Sarin , D. Coppejans , P. J. Groot , A. Inkenhaag , P. G. Jonker , T. L. Killestein , D. A. Perley , M. Pursiainen

Over time, core-collapse supernova (CCSN) spectra become redder due to dust formation and cooling of the SN ejecta. A UV detection of a CCSN at late times thus indicates an additional physical process such as interaction between the SN…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2025-01-08 Anne Inkenhaag , Peter G. Jonker , Andrew J. Levan , Morgan Fraser , Joseph D. Lyman , Lluís Galbany , Hanindyo Kuncarayakti

Luminous fast blue optical transients (LFBOTs) are a growing class of enigmatic energetic transients. They show fast rises and declines, high temperatures throughout their evolution, and non-thermal emission in radio and X-rays. Their power…