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The large language models have achieved superior performance on various natural language tasks. One major drawback of such approaches is they are resource-intensive in fine-tuning new datasets. Soft-prompt tuning presents a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Guoxin Chen , Yiming Qian , Bowen Wang , Liangzhi Li

Prompt tuning has emerged as a lightweight strategy for adapting foundation models to downstream tasks, particularly for resource-constrained systems. As pre-trained prompts become valuable assets, combining multiple source prompts offers a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Enming Zhang , Liwen Cao , Yanru Wu , Zijie Zhao , Yang Li

Text-to-image generation models are powerful but difficult to use. Users craft specific prompts to get better images, though the images can be repetitive. This paper proposes a Prompt Expansion framework that helps users generate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-29 Siddhartha Datta , Alexander Ku , Deepak Ramachandran , Peter Anderson

Learning to transfer visual attributes requires supervision dataset. Corresponding images with varying attribute values with the same identity are required for learning the transfer function. This largely limits their applications, because…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-08-01 Taeksoo Kim , Byoungjip Kim , Moonsu Cha , Jiwon Kim

Despite impressive recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models, obtaining high-quality images often requires prompt engineering by humans who have developed expertise in using them. In this work, we present NeuroPrompts, an adaptive…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-09 Shachar Rosenman , Vasudev Lal , Phillip Howard

Recently, generative adversarial networks have gained a lot of popularity for image generation tasks. However, such models are associated with complex learning mechanisms and demand very large relevant datasets. This work borrows concepts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-09-28 Shagan Sah , Chi Zhang , Thang Nguyen , Dheeraj Kumar Peri , Ameya Shringi , Raymond Ptucha

Most deep learning models are data-driven and the excellent performance is highly dependent on the abundant and diverse datasets. However, it is very hard to obtain and label the datasets of some specific scenes or applications. If we train…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Tianxiao Zhang , Wenchi Ma , Guanghui Wang

Recent advances in image generation have led to the widespread availability of highly realistic synthetic media, increasing the difficulty of reliable deepfake detection. A key challenge is generalization, as detectors trained on a narrow…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-22 Yichen Jiang , Mohammed Talha Alam , Sohail Ahmed Khan , Duc-Tien Dang-Nguyen , Fakhri Karray

Image translation is a burgeoning field in computer vision where the goal is to learn the mapping between an input image and an output image. However, most recent methods require multiple generators for modeling different domain mappings,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Xiaoming Yu , Xing Cai , Zhenqiang Ying , Thomas Li , Ge Li

Prior Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA) methods often aim to train a domain-invariant feature extractor, which may hinder the model from learning sufficiently discriminative features. To tackle this, a line of works based on prompt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Hoang Phan , Lam Tran , Quyen Tran , Trung Le

In many scenarios in computer vision, machine learning, and computer graphics, there is a requirement to learn the mapping from an image of one domain to an image of another domain, called Image-to-image translation. For example, style…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-09 Mohammad Akif Beg , Jia Yuan Yu

Pre-trained language models (PLMs) have played an increasing role in multimedia research. In terms of vision-language (VL) tasks, they often serve as a language encoder and still require an additional fusion network for VL reasoning,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-23 Shubin Huang , Qiong Wu , Yiyi Zhou , Weijie Chen , Rongsheng Zhang , Xiaoshuai Sun , Rongrong Ji

Recent advances in text-to-image diffusion models have achieved impressive image generation capabilities. However, it remains challenging to control the generation process with desired properties (e.g., aesthetic quality, user intention),…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Taeyoung Yun , Dinghuai Zhang , Jinkyoo Park , Ling Pan

The notable gap between user-provided and model-preferred prompts poses a significant challenge for generating high-quality images with text-to-image models, compelling the need for prompt engineering. Current studies on prompt engineering…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Shiyu Wu , Mingzhen Sun , Weining Wang , Yequan Wang , Jing Liu

With the scale of vision Transformer-based models continuing to grow, finetuning these large-scale pretrained models for new tasks has become increasingly parameter-intensive. Visual prompt tuning is introduced as a parameter-efficient…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Runjia Zeng , Cheng Han , Qifan Wang , Chunshu Wu , Tong Geng , Lifu Huang , Ying Nian Wu , Dongfang Liu

In recent years, representation learning approaches have disrupted many multimedia computing tasks. Among those approaches, deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have notably reached human level expertise on some constrained image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-10-01 Lucas Pascal , Xavier Bost , Benoît Huet

Models should be able to adapt to unseen data during test-time to avoid performance drops caused by inevitable distribution shifts in real-world deployment scenarios. In this work, we tackle the practical yet challenging test-time…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-02 Yunhe Gao , Xingjian Shi , Yi Zhu , Hao Wang , Zhiqiang Tang , Xiong Zhou , Mu Li , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Vision-language models such as CLIP learn a generic text-image embedding from large-scale training data. A vision-language model can be adapted to a new classification task through few-shot prompt tuning. We find that such a prompt tuning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Cheng-En Wu , Yu Tian , Haichao Yu , Heng Wang , Pedro Morgado , Yu Hen Hu , Linjie Yang

Creative sketch is a universal way of visual expression, but translating images from an abstract sketch is very challenging. Traditionally, creating a deep learning model for sketch-to-image synthesis needs to overcome the distorted input…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-05-31 Qiang Wang , Di Kong , Fengyin Lin , Yonggang Qi

Synthesis of digital artifacts conditioned on user prompts has become an important paradigm facilitating an explosion of use cases with generative AI. However, such models often fail to connect the generated outputs and desired target…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-15 Melvin Wong , Yew-Soon Ong , Abhishek Gupta , Kavitesh K. Bali , Caishun Chen