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Soft robots manufactured with flexible materials can be highly compliant and adaptive to their surroundings, which facilitates their application in areas such as dexterous manipulation and environmental exploration. This paper aims at…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-01 Renjie Ma , Ziyao Qu , Zhijian Hu , Dong Zhao , Marios M. Polycarpou

The mechanical complexity of soft robots creates significant challenges for their model-based control. Specifically, linear data-driven models have struggled to control soft robots on complex, spatially extended paths that explore regions…

Finite element methods have been successfully used to develop physics-based models of soft robots that capture the nonlinear dynamic behavior induced by continuous deformation. These high-fidelity models are therefore ideal for designing…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-03-29 Sander Tonkens , Joseph Lorenzetti , Marco Pavone

SLOT (Soft Legged Omnidirectional Tetrapod), a tendon-driven soft quadruped robot with 3D-printed TPU legs, is presented to study physics-informed modeling and control of compliant legged locomotion using only four actuators. Each leg is…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-19 Saumya Karan , Neerav Maram , Suraj Borate , Madhu Vadali

Soft robots are well suited for contact-rich tasks due to their compliance, yet this property makes accurate and tractable modeling challenging. Planning motions with dynamically-feasible trajectories requires models that capture arbitrary…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Beibei Liu , Akua K. Dickson , Ran Jing , Andrew P. Sabelhaus

Soft robots offer more flexibility, compliance, and adaptability than traditional rigid robots. They are also typically lighter and cheaper to manufacture. However, their use in real-world applications is limited due to modeling challenges…

Soft robots are made of compliant materials and perform tasks that are challenging for rigid robots. However, their continuum nature makes it difficult to develop model-based control strategies. This work presents a robust model-based…

Soft materials have many important roles in animal locomotion and object manipulation. In robotic applications soft materials can store and release energy, absorb impacts, increase compliance and increase the range of possible shape…

Robotics · Computer Science 2015-09-28 Vishesh Vikas , Paul Templeton , Barry Trimmer

State estimation of robotic systems is essential to implementing feedback controllers, which usually provide better robustness to modeling uncertainties than open-loop controllers. However, state estimation of soft robots is very…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Tongjia Zheng , Qing Han , Hai Lin

Soft robots show compliance and have infinite degrees of freedom. Thanks to these properties, such robots can be leveraged for surgery, rehabilitation, biomimetics, unstructured environment exploring, and industrial grippers. In this case,…

The deformable and continuum nature of soft robots promises versatility and adaptability. However, control of modular, multi-limbed soft robots for terrestrial locomotion is challenging due to the complex robot structure, actuator mechanics…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-02-05 Vishesh Vikas , Piyush Grover , Barry Trimmer

We present a planning and control framework for physics-based manipulation under uncertainty. The key idea is to interleave robust open-loop execution with closed-loop control. We derive robustness metrics through contraction theory. We use…

Robotics · Computer Science 2021-06-24 Wisdom C. Agboh , Mehmet R. Dogar

Continuum and soft robots can transform diverse sectors, including healthcare, agriculture, marine, and space, thanks to their potential to adaptively interact with unstructured environments. These robots exhibit complex mechanics that pose…

Dynamic control of a soft-body robot to deliver complex behaviors with low-dimensional actuation inputs is challenging. In this paper, we present a computational approach to automatically generate versatile, underactuated control policies…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-12-02 Yitong Deng , Yaorui Zhang , Xingzhe He , Shuqi Yang , Yunjin Tong , Michael Zhang , Daniel DiPietro , Bo Zhu

Robots built from soft materials can alter their shape and size in a particular profile. This shape-changing ability could be extremely helpful for rescue robots and those operating in unknown terrains and environments. In changing shape,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Vishesh Vikas , Eliad Cohen , Rob Grassi , Canberk Sozer , Barry Trimmer

Soft Robots distinguish themselves from traditional robots by embracing flexible kinematics. Because of their recent emergence, there exist numerous uncharted territories, including novel actuators, manufacturing processes, and advanced…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-23 Jorge Francisco García-Samartín , Adrián Rieker , Antonio Barrientos

Magnetic microrobots can be navigated by an external magnetic field to autonomously move within living organisms with complex and unstructured environments. Potential applications include drug delivery, diagnostics, and therapeutic…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Yongyi Jia , Shu Miao , Junjian Zhou , Niandong Jiao , Lianqing Liu , Xiang Li

The 'infinite' passive degrees of freedom of soft robotic arms render their control especially challenging. In this paper, we leverage a previously developed model, which drawing equivalence of the soft arm to a series of universal joints,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-03-16 Zhanchi Wang , Gaotian Wang , Xiaoping Chen , Nikolaos M. Freris

State estimation is one of the fundamental problems in robotics. For soft continuum robots, this task is particularly challenging because their states (poses, strains, internal wrenches, and velocities) are inherently infinite-dimensional…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Tongjia Zheng , Jessica Burgner-Kahrs

Recently soft robotics has rapidly become a novel and promising area of research with many designs and applications due to their flexible and compliant structure. However, it is more difficult to derive the nonlinear dynamic model of such…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-06-09 Haihong Li , Lingxiao Xun , Gang Zheng