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We study the optimization of non-convex functions that are not necessarily smooth (gradient and/or Hessian are Lipschitz) using first order methods. Smoothness is a restrictive assumption in machine learning in both theory and practice,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-06-27 Daniel Yiming Cao , August Y. Chen , Karthik Sridharan , Benjamin Tang

The goal of this note is to prove that every real-valued Lipschitz function on a Banach space can be pointwise approximated on a given $\sigma$-compact set by smooth cylindrical functions whose asymptotic Lipschitz constants are controlled.…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-09-04 Enrico Pasqualetto

We consider a class of nonsmooth and nonconvex optimization problems over the Stiefel manifold where the objective function is the summation of a nonconvex smooth function and a nonsmooth Lipschitz continuous convex function composed with…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-03-28 Jinlai Zhu , Jianfeng Huang , Lihua Yang , Qia Li

Feature attributions are a popular tool for explaining the behavior of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs), but have recently been shown to be vulnerable to attacks that produce divergent explanations for nearby inputs. This lack of robustness is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Zifan Wang , Haofan Wang , Shakul Ramkumar , Matt Fredrikson , Piotr Mardziel , Anupam Datta

We present a novel universal gradient method for solving convex optimization problems. Our algorithm, Dual Averaging with Distance Adaptation (DADA), is based on the classical scheme of dual averaging and dynamically adjusts its…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-22 Mohammad Moshtaghifar , Anton Rodomanov , Daniil Vankov , Sebastian Stich

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success across a wide range of tasks, but its models often suffer from instability and vulnerability: small changes to the input may drastically affect predictions, while optimization can be hindered by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-30 Blaise Delattre

This paper studies least-square regression penalized with partly smooth convex regularizers. This class of functions is very large and versatile allowing to promote solutions conforming to some notion of low-complexity. Indeed, they force…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-07-01 Samuel Vaiter , Gabriel Peyré , Jalal M. Fadili

In this paper we study Lipschitz regularity of elliptic PDEs on geometric graphs, constructed from random data points. The data points are sampled from a distribution supported on a smooth manifold. The family of equations that we study…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2021-10-22 Jeff Calder , Nicolas Garcia Trillos , Marta Lewicka

Finding an $\epsilon$-stationary point of a nonconvex function with a Lipschitz continuous Hessian is a central problem in optimization. Regularized Newton methods are a classical tool and have been studied extensively, yet they still face…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Yuhao Zhou , Jintao Xu , Bingrui Li , Chenglong Bao , Chao Ding , Jun Zhu

Composite optimization problems, where the sum of a smooth and a merely lower semicontinuous function has to be minimized, are often tackled numerically by means of proximal gradient methods as soon as the lower semicontinuous part of the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-07-05 Christian Kanzow , Patrick Mehlitz

In this paper, we propose an approach to learn stable dynamical systems evolving on Riemannian manifolds. The approach leverages a data-efficient procedure to learn a diffeomorphic transformation that maps simple stable dynamical systems…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-09-27 Matteo Saveriano , Fares J. Abu-Dakka , Ville Kyrki

We analyze the constant step size subgradient method on nonsmooth, nonconvex functions. We identify geometric assumptions on the objective function under which i) its domain admits a partition (stratification) into smooth manifolds (strata)…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-21 Evgenii Chzhen , Sholom Schechtman

Semi-supervised learning with manifold regularization is a classical framework for jointly learning from both labeled and unlabeled data, where the key requirement is that the support of the unknown marginal distribution has the geometric…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Xuelin Zhang , Hong Chen , Yingjie Wang , Tieliang Gong , Bin Gu

Lipschitz learning is a graph-based semi-supervised learning method where one extends labels from a labeled to an unlabeled data set by solving the infinity Laplace equation on a weighted graph. In this work we prove uniform convergence…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2023-01-31 Leon Bungert , Jeff Calder , Tim Roith

In this paper, we consider a class of optimization problems constrained to the generalized Stiefel manifold. Such problems are fundamental to a wide range of real-world applications, including generalized canonical correlation analysis,…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-02-06 Linshuo Jiang , Nachuan Xiao , Xin Liu

Recently, studies on machine learning have focused on methods that use symmetry implicit in a specific manifold as an inductive bias. Grassmann manifolds provide the ability to handle fundamental shapes represented as shape spaces, enabling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-06 Ryoma Yataka , Kazuki Hirashima , Masashi Shiraishi

This paper aims at developing two versions of the generalized Newton method to compute not merely arbitrary local minimizers of nonsmooth optimization problems but just those, which possess an important stability property known as tilt…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Boris Mordukhovich , Ebrahim Sarabi

In this work, we consider learning over multitask graphs, where each agent aims to estimate its own parameter vector. Although agents seek distinct objectives, collaboration among them can be beneficial in scenarios where relationships…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Yara Zgheib , Luca Calatroni , Marc Antonini , Roula Nassif

Regularization is a widely recognized technique in mathematical optimization. It can be used to smooth out objective functions, refine the feasible solution set, or prevent overfitting in machine learning models. Due to its simplicity and…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-31 Filip Nikolovski , Irena Stojkovska , Katerina Hadzi-Velkova Saneva , Zoran Hadzi-Velkov

Laplacian-based methods are popular for the dimensionality reduction of data lying in $\mathbb{R}^N$. Several theoretical results for these algorithms depend on the fact that the Euclidean distance locally approximates the geodesic distance…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Liane Xu , Amit Singer