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Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) offer a novel AI-driven framework for integrating physical laws directly into neural network models, facilitating the solution of complex multiphysics problems in materials engineering. This study…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-10-14 Mohid Farooqi , Ingmar Bösing , Conrard G. Tetsassi Feugmo

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are a class of deep learning neural networks that learn the response of a physical system without any simulation data, and only by incorporating the governing partial differential equations (PDEs) in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Rini J. Gladstone , Mohammad A. Nabian , N. Sukumar , Ankit Srivastava , Hadi Meidani

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) are neural networks (NNs) that encode model equations, like Partial Differential Equations (PDE), as a component of the neural network itself. PINNs are nowadays used to solve PDEs, fractional…

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are mesh-free approaches for the numerical approximation of partial differential equations, where a neural network is trained by minimizing a loss function derived from the governing equations and…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-04-03 Medard Govoeyi , Thomas Richter

A physics-informed neural network (PINN) uses physics-augmented loss functions, e.g., incorporating the residual term from governing partial differential equations (PDEs), to ensure its output is consistent with fundamental physics laws.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-12-16 Jian Cheng Wong , Chinchun Ooi , Abhishek Gupta , Yew-Soon Ong

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have earned high expectations in solving partial differential equations (PDEs), but their optimization usually faces thorny challenges due to the unique derivative-dependent loss function. By…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Haixu Wu , Yuezhou Ma , Hang Zhou , Huikun Weng , Jianmin Wang , Mingsheng Long

The residual loss in Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) alters the simple recursive relation of layers in a feed-forward neural network by applying a differential operator, resulting in a loss landscape that is inherently different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-14 Nima Hosseini Dashtbayaz , Ghazal Farhani , Boyu Wang , Charles X. Ling

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are known to suffer from optimization difficulty. In this work, we reveal the connection between the optimization difficulty of PINNs and activation functions. Specifically, we show that PINNs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Honghui Wang , Lu Lu , Shiji Song , Gao Huang

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) are effective in solving integer-order partial differential equations (PDEs) based on scattered and noisy data. PINNs employ standard feedforward neural networks (NNs) with the PDEs explicitly…

Computational Physics · Physics 2021-11-03 Guofei Pang , Lu Lu , George Em Karniadakis

We investigate the inverse problem for Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) in scenarios where the parameters of the given PDE dynamics may exhibit changepoints at random time. We employ Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) - universal…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-04-03 Zhikang Dong , Pawel Polak

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) are deep learning models that incorporate the governing physical laws of a system into the learning process, making them well-suited for solving complex scientific and engineering problems. Recently,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Athanasios Papastathopoulos-Katsaros , Alexandra Stavrianidi , Zhandong Liu

Physics-Informed Neural Networks(PINNs) are a powerful and flexible learning framework that has gained significant attention in recent years. It has demonstrated strong performance across a wide range of scientific and engineering problems.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-20 Krishna Murari

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs), which incorporate PDEs as soft constraints, train with a composite loss function that contains multiple training point types: different types of collocation points chosen during training to enforce…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-15 Gregory Kang Ruey Lau , Apivich Hemachandra , See-Kiong Ng , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) solve physical systems by incorporating governing partial differential equations directly into neural network training. In electromagnetism, where well-established methodologies such as FDTD and FEM…

Computational Physics · Physics 2026-02-13 Nilufer K. Bulut

Physics informed neural networks (PINNs) are nowadays used as efficient machine learning methods for solving differential equations. However, vanilla-PINNs fail to learn complex problems as ones involving stiff ordinary differential…

Computational Physics · Physics 2023-04-18 Hubert Baty

In recent years, with the advancements in machine learning and neural networks, algorithms using physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) to solve PDEs have gained widespread applications. While these algorithms are well-suited for a wide…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2026-01-13 Rongxin Lu , Jiwei Jia , Young Ju Lee , Zheng Lu , Chen-Song Zhang

While physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) have become a popular deep learning framework for tackling forward and inverse problems governed by partial differential equations (PDEs), their performance is known to degrade when larger and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-13 Sifan Wang , Bowen Li , Yuhan Chen , Paris Perdikaris

This study investigates the potential accuracy boundaries of physics-informed neural networks, contrasting their approach with previous similar works and traditional numerical methods. We find that selecting improved optimization algorithms…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-12-16 Jorge F. Urbán , Petros Stefanou , José A. Pons

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINN) are a machine learning tool that can be used to solve direct and inverse problems related to models described by Partial Differential Equations. This paper proposes an adaptive inverse PINN applied to…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2024-11-28 Marco Berardi , Fabio Difonzo , Matteo Icardi

Despite considerable scientific advances in numerical simulation, efficiently solving PDEs remains a complex and often expensive problem. Physics-informed Neural Networks (PINN) have emerged as an efficient way to learn surrogate solvers by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Antoine Caradot , Rémi Emonet , Amaury Habrard , Abdel-Rahim Mezidi , Marc Sebban