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Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are the main drivers of geomagnetic disturbances, but the effects of their interaction with Earth's magnetic field depend on their magnetic configuration and orientation. Fitting and reconstruction techniques…

Intense geomagnetic storms are characterized by a minimum value of the Dst index at or below -100 nT. It is well known that these storms are caused by the southward magnetic fields in coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and corotating interaction…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-01-09 N. Gopalswamy , S. Akiyama , S. Yashiro , P. Makela , H. Xie

Solar coronal mass ejections (CMEs) can catch up and interact with preceding CMEs and solar wind structures to undergo rotation and deflection during their propagation. We aim to show how interactions undergone by a CME in the corona and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 Anwesha Maharana , Camilla Scolini , Brigitte Schmieder , Stefaan Poedts

We numerically model the coronal mass ejection (CME) event of October 28, 2003 that erupted from active region 10486 and propagated to Earth in less than 20 hours causing severe geomagnetic storms. The magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) model is…

We study interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) measured by probes at different heliocentric distances (0.3-1AU) to investigate the propagation of ICMEs in the inner heliosphere and determine how the generic features of ICMEs change…

Patsourakos et al. (Astrophys. J. 817, 14, 2016) and Patsourakos and Georgoulis (Astron. Astrophys. 595, A121, 2016) introduced a method to infer the axial magnetic field in flux-rope coronal mass ejections (CMEs) in the solar corona and…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2017-07-19 S. Patsourakos , M. K. Georgoulis

The morphology and heliospheric impact of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are strongly shaped by their preeruptive magnetic configuration and surrounding coronal environment, yet these influences remain difficult to constrain observationally.…

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed near the Sun via LASCO coronographic imaging are the most important solar drivers of geomagnetic storms. ICMEs, their interplanetary, near-Earth counterparts, can be detected in-situ, for example, by…

Astrophysics · Physics 2008-11-26 V. Yurchyshyn , Q. Hu , R. P. Lepping , B. J. Lynch , J. Krall

Interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) are one of the main drivers for space weather disturbances. In the past, different approaches have been used to automatically detect events in existing time series resulting from solar wind in…

We carry out a numerical simulation depicting the effects of a Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) event on a close-in giant planet in an extrasolar system. We drive the CME in a similar manner as in simulations of space weather events on Earth.…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-27 O. Cohen , V. L. Kashyap , J. J. Drake , I. V. Sokolov , T. I. Gombosi

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are a manifestation of the Sun's eruptive nature. They can have a great impact on Earth, but also on human activity in space and on the ground. Therefore, modelling their evolution as they propagate through…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2021-08-04 E. Asvestari , J. Pomoell , E. Kilpua , S. Good , T. Chatzistergos , M. Temmer , E. Palmerio , S. Poedts , J. Magdalenic

We present a comprehensive analysis of the three-dimensional magnetic flux rope structure generated during the Lynch et al. (2019) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulation of a global-scale, 360 degree-wide streamer blowout coronal mass…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2022-08-02 Benjamin Lynch , Nada Al-Haddad , Wenyuan Yu , Erika Palmerio , Noé Lugaz

We present a 3-D morphological and field reconstruction of a coronal mass ejection (CME) from 2023 November 28, which hits three spacecraft near 1 au: Wind at Earth's L1 Lagrange point; STEREO-A with a longitudinal separation of…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-03-07 Brian E. Wood , Phillip Hess

Solar energetic particle (SEP) events are associated with coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and/or solar flares. SEPs travel through the corona and interplanetary space to reach Earth, posing a radiation hazard to spacecraft and astronauts…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-11-07 Lei Cheng , Ming Zhang , Ryun Young Kwon , David Lario

Halo coronal mass ejections (HCMEs) are responsible of the most severe geomagnetic storms. A prediction of their geoeffectiveness and travel time to Earth's vicinity is crucial to forecast space weather. Unfortunately coronagraphic…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 G. Michalek , N. Gopalswamy , S. Yashiro

Geomagnetic storms are large-scale disturbances of the Earth's magnetosphere driven by solar wind interactions, posing significant risks to space-based and ground-based infrastructure. The Disturbance Storm Time (Dst) index quantifies…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Stefano Markidis , Jonah Ekelund , Luca Pennati , Andong Hu , Ivy Peng

We present an advance towards accurately predicting the arrivals of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) at the terrestrial planets, including Earth. For the first time, we are able to assess a CME prediction model using data over 2/3 of a solar…

The largest geomagnetic storms of solar cycle 24 so far occurred on 2015 March 17 and June 22 with $D_{\rm st}$ minima of $-223$ and $-195$ nT, respectively. Both of the geomagnetic storms show a multi-step development. We examine the…

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) are large-scale ejections of magnetized plasma from the Sun and are associated with the most extreme space weather events. The geoeffectiveness of a CME is primarily determined by the southward component of its…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-07-09 Devojyoti Kansabanik , Angelos Voulidas

We identify all fast-mode forward shocks, whose sheath regions resulted in a moderate (56 cases) or intense (38 cases) geomagnetic storm during 18.5 years from January 1997 to June 2015. We study their main properties, interplanetary causes…

Space Physics · Physics 2016-11-01 N. Lugaz , C. J. Farrugia , R. M. Winslow , N. Al-Haddad , E. K. J. Kilpua , P. Riley