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On-device adaptation of large language models commonly keeps a quantized base model frozen while training and deploying a small, task-specific LoRA adapter. In the unmerged adapter-mode setting, however, the adapter is more than a compact…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yoshihiko Fujisawa , Yuma Ichikawa , Yudai Fujimoto , Akira Sakai , Katsuki Fujisawa

Various applications of wireless Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communications have rekindled the research interest in random access protocols, suitable to support a large number of connected devices. Slotted ALOHA and its derivatives represent a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2013-08-08 Cedomir Stefanovic , Petar Popovski

In this letter, a new power allocation scheme is proposed to improve the reliability of cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (CO-NOMA). The strong user is allocated the maximum power, whereas the weak user is allocated the minimum…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-26 Sana Riaz , Fahd Ahmed Khan , Sajid Saleem , Qasim Zeeshan Ahmed

Various random access mechanisms, such as Aloha protocol and its corresponding variants have been widely studied as efficient methods to coordinate the medium access among competing users. But when two or more wireless users transmit…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-01-07 Zaaloul Abdellah , Haqiq Abdelkrim

Ambient backscatter communications have been introduced as low-power communications for green networking. This technology is very promising as it recycles ambient radio frequency waves, however such systems have limitations and suffer from…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-04 Romain Fara , Nada Bel-Haj-Maati , Dinh-Thuy Phan-Huy , Nadine Malhouroux , Marco Di Renzo

The lightweight protocols and low-power radio technologies open up many opportunities to facilitate Internet-of-Things (IoT) into our daily life, while their minimalist design also makes IoT devices vulnerable to many active attacks due to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Zhiqing Luo , Wei Wang , Jun Qu , Tao Jiang , Qian Zhang

Ambient backscatter communication has shown great potential in the development of future wireless networks. It enables a backscatter transmitter (BTx) to send information directly to an adjacent receiver by modulating over ambient radio…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2019-08-16 Shaoqing Zhou , Wei Xu , Kezhi Wang , Cunhua Pan , Mohamed-Slim Alouini , Arumugam Nallanathan

The integration of security and energy efficiency in Internet of Things systems remains a critical challenge, particularly for battery-free and resource-constrained devices. This paper explores the scalability and protocol-agnostic nature…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Taki Eddine Djidjekh , Gaël Loubet , Alexandru Takacs

WiFi backscatter tags can enable direct connectivity of IoT devices with commodity WiFi hardware at low power. However, most state of the art backscatter tag implementations in this area have limited transmitter to tag range, are not…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-17 Manideep Dunna , Shihkai Kuo , Akshit Agarwal , Patrick Mercier , Dinesh Bharadia

Location-based services in a wireless network require nodes to know their locations accurately. Conventional solutions rely on contention-based medium access, where only one node can successfully transmit at any time in any neighborhood. In…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2013-09-10 Ming Gan , Dongning Guo , Xuchu Dai

Recently, random access protocols have acquired a new wave of interest, not only from the satellite communication community, but also from researchers active in fields like Internet of Things and machine-to-machine. Asynchronous (slot- and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-10-09 Federico Clazzer , Christian Kissling , Mario Marchese

This article introduces a novel lightweight framework using ambient backscattering communications to counter eavesdroppers. In particular, our framework divides an original message into two parts: (i) the active-transmit message transmitted…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Nam H. Chu , Nguyen Van Huynh , Diep N. Nguyen , Dinh Thai Hoang , Shimin Gong , Tao Shu , Eryk Dutkiewicz , Khoa T. Phan

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) backscatter system, such as Wi-Fi backscatter, has recently been recognized as a promising technique for the IoT connectivity, due to its ubiquitous and low-cost property. This paper…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2018-10-30 Xiaoxue Zhang , Nanhuan Mi , Xin He , Panlong Yang , Haohua Du , Jiahui Hou , Peng-Jun Wan

By combining traditional frequency hopping ideas with the concepts of subcarriers and sampling points in OFDM baseband systems, this paper proposes a frequency hopping technology within the baseband called micro frequency hopping. Based on…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-08-02 Fanping Du , Pingfang Du

This paper analyzes a broadcasting technique for wireless multi-hop sensor networks that uses a form of cooperative diversity called opportunistic large arrays (OLAs). We propose a method for autonomous scheduling of the nodes, which limits…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2009-03-11 Aravind Kailas , Lakshmi Thanayankizil , Mary Ann Ingram

In this article, we consider a random access scheme for an indoor Internet of Things (IoT) framework that uses optical wireless communication (OWC). We focus on a Slotted ALOHA (SA)-based solution where a number of OWC IoT users contend to…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2021-07-16 Milica Petkovic , Tijana Devaja , Dejan Vukobratovic , Francisco J. Escribano , Cedomir Stefanovic

The recent evolution of ambient backscattering technology has the potential to provide long-range and low-power wireless communications. In this work, we study the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted backscatter networks where the UAV…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Amin Farajzadeh , Ozgur Ercetin , Halim Yanikomeroglu

Long Term Evolution (LTE) systems provide ubiquitous coverage for mobile communications, which makes it a promising candidate to be used as a signal source in the ambient backscatter communications. In this paper, we propose a system in…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-05 Kalle Ruttik , Xiyu Wang , Jingyi Liao , Riku Jantti , Phan-Huy Dinh-Thuy

Automotive-Industry 5.0 will use beyond fifth-generation (B5G) technologies to provide robust, computationally intelligent, and energy-efficient data sharing among various onboard sensors, vehicles, and other devices. Recently, ambient…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-02-17 Wali Ullah Khan , Muhammad Ali Jamshed , Eva Lagunas , Symeon Chatzinotas , Xingwang Li , Bjorn Ottersten

This paper analyzes a NOMA-enabled dual-Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS) relay network integrated with Ambient Backscatter (BS) communication. The system comprises a source, an energy-constrained relay with energy harvesting (EH) and BS…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-03 Chandrima Thakur , Priyanka Ghosh , Rashmita Badhai , Sumit Kundu