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Representing graphs by their homomorphism counts has led to the beautiful theory of homomorphism indistinguishability in recent years. Moreover, homomorphism counts have promising applications in database theory and machine learning, where…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Jan Böker , Louis Härtel , Nina Runde , Tim Seppelt , Christoph Standke

This paper defines a new pseudometric for binary relations between finite sets that measures consensus among subsets. The main results are (1) a concise restatement of this pseudometric with an intuitively appealing interpretation via a…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2021-09-28 Kenneth P. Ewing , Michael Robinson

Erd\H{o}s and West (Discrete Mathematics'85) considered the class of $n$ vertex intersection graphs which have a {\em $d$-dimensional} {\em $t$-representation}, that is, each vertex of a graph in the class has an associated set consisting…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-07 Girish Balakrishnan , Sankardeep Chakraborty , Seungbum Jo , N S Narayanaswamy , Kunihiko Sadakane

A homomorphism from a graph $G$ to a graph $H$ is an edge-preserving mapping from $V(G)$ to $V(H)$. Let $H$ be a fixed graph with possible loops. In the list homomorphism problem, denoted by LHom($H$), we are given a graph $G$, whose every…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-09-23 Karolina Okrasa , Marta Piecyk , Paweł Rzążewski

In this paper we study the following problem. Let $A$ be a fixed graph, and let $\hom(G,A)$ denote the number of homomorphisms from a graph $G$ to $A$. Furthermore, let $v(G)$ denote the number of vertices of $G$, and let $\mathcal{G}_d$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-05-08 Péter Csikvári

Given two finite abstract simplicial complexes A and B, one can define a new simplicial complex on the set of simplicial maps from A to B. After adding two technicalities, we call this complex Homsc(A, B). We prove the following dichotomy:…

General Topology · Mathematics 2024-08-16 Sebastian Meyer

We consider the complexity of counting homomorphisms from an $r$-uniform hypergraph $G$ to a symmetric $r$-ary relation $H$. We give a dichotomy theorem for $r>2$, showing for which $H$ this problem is in FP and for which $H$ it is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-01-04 Martin Dyer , Leslie Ann Goldberg , Mark Jerrum

Many natural combinatorial quantities can be expressed by counting the number of homomorphisms to a fixed relational structure. For example, the number of 3-colorings of an undirected graph $G$ is equal to the number of homomorphisms from…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-10-03 Hubie Chen

In this paper, we will show dichotomy theorems for the computation of polynomials corresponding to evaluation of graph homomorphisms in Valiant's model. We are given a fixed graph $H$ and want to find all graphs, from some graph class,…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2014-12-02 Christian Engels

Lov\'asz (1967) showed that two graphs $G$ and $H$ are isomorphic if and only if they are homomorphism indistinguishable over the class of all graphs, i.e. for every graph $F$, the number of homomorphisms from $F$ to $G$ equals the number…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-03-13 Martin Grohe , Gaurav Rattan , Tim Seppelt

We propose new graph representations that exploit dense local structure to improve time and space simultaneously. Given an undirected graph $G$, we define a dual clique cover (DCC) representation of $G$ to be the pair $(C, L)$, where $C$ is…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Ahammed Ullah , Alex Pothen

Given two algebraic groups $G$, $H$ over a field $k$, we investigate the representability of the functor of morphisms (of schemes) $\mathbf{Hom}(G,H)$ and the subfunctor of homomorphisms (of algebraic groups) $\mathbf{Hom}_{\rm gp}(G,H)$.…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2021-08-06 Michel Brion

The Dichotomy Conjecture for constraint satisfaction problems has been verified for conservative problems (or, equivalently, for list homomorphism problems) by Andrei Bulatov. An earlier case of this dichotomy, for list homomorphisms to…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2010-04-21 Pavol Hell , Arash Rafiey

The classical fiber product in algebraic geometry provides a powerful tool for studying loci where two morphisms to a base scheme, $\phi: X \to S$ and $\psi: Y \to S$, coincide exactly. This condition of strict equality, however, is…

Algebraic Geometry · Mathematics 2025-11-03 Dongfang Zhao

Counting the number of homomorphisms of a pattern graph H in a large input graph G is a fundamental problem in computer science. There are myriad applications of this problem in databases, graph algorithms, and network science. Often, we…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Daniel Paul-Pena , C. Seshadhri

We interpret mathematically the pair (master equation, solution of master equation) up to equivalence, as the pair (a presentation of a free triangular dga T over a combination operad O, dga map of T into C, a dga over O) up to homotopy…

Quantum Algebra · Mathematics 2008-03-06 Dennis Sullivan

A homomorphism from a graph $G$ to a graph $H$ is an edge-preserving mapping from $V(G)$ to $V(H)$. Let $H$ be a fixed graph with possible loops. In the list homomorphism problem, denoted by \textsc{LHom}($H$), the instance is a graph $G$,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-02-21 Sándor Kisfaludi-Bak , Karolina Okrasa , Paweł Rzążewski

Homotopy coherence has a considerable history, albeit also by other names. For this volume highlighting symmetries, the appropriate use is: Homotopy coherence of representations, at one time known as strong homotopy representations. We…

Algebraic Topology · Mathematics 2022-02-14 Tim Porter , Jim Stasheff

A large driver of the complexity of graph learning is the interplay between structure and features. When analyzing the expressivity of graph neural networks, however, existing approaches ignore features in favor of structure, making it…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Martin Carrasco , Olga Zaghen , Kavir Sumaraj , Erik Bekkers , Bastian Rieck

We consider the following problem for a fixed graph H: given a graph G and two H-colorings of G, i.e. homomorphisms from G to H, can one be transformed (reconfigured) into the other by changing one color at a time, maintaining an H-coloring…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-03-28 Marcin Wrochna