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Point cloud analysis (such as 3D segmentation and detection) is a challenging task, because of not only the irregular geometries of many millions of unordered points, but also the great variations caused by depth, viewpoint, occlusion, etc.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-07-28 Tuo Feng , Wenguan Wang , Xiaohan Wang , Yi Yang , Qinghua Zheng

This work presents a probabilistic deep neural network that combines LiDAR point clouds and RGB camera images for robust, accurate 3D object detection. We explicitly model uncertainties in the classification and regression tasks, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-02-04 Di Feng , Yifan Cao , Lars Rosenbaum , Fabian Timm , Klaus Dietmayer

Assessing the quality of aleatoric uncertainty estimates from uncertainty quantification (UQ) deep learning methods is important in scientific contexts, where uncertainty is physically meaningful and important to characterize and interpret…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Rebecca Nevin , Aleksandra Ćiprijanović , Brian D. Nord

To use machine learning in high stakes applications (e.g. medicine), we need tools for building confidence in the system and evaluating whether it is reliable. Methods to improve model reliability often require new learning algorithms (e.g.…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-04 Peter Schulam , Suchi Saria

Critical decisions frequently rely on high-dimensional output from complex computer simulation models that show intricate cross-variable, spatial and temporal dependence structures, with weather and climate predictions being key examples.…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-12-24 Roman Schefzik , Thordis L. Thorarinsdottir , Tilmann Gneiting

Conjunction assessment requires knowledge of the uncertainty in the predicted orbit. Errors in the atmospheric density are a major source of error in the prediction of low Earth orbits. Therefore, accurate estimation of the density and…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-04-24 David J. Gondelach , Richard Linares

Learning to generate 3D point clouds without 3D supervision is an important but challenging problem. Current solutions leverage various differentiable renderers to project the generated 3D point clouds onto a 2D image plane, and train deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Chen Chao , Zhizhong Han , Yu-Shen Liu , Matthias Zwicker

Modern weather forecast models perform uncertainty quantification using ensemble prediction systems, which collect nonparametric statistics based on multiple perturbed simulations. To provide accurate estimation, dozens of such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-06 Peter Grönquist , Tal Ben-Nun , Nikoli Dryden , Peter Dueben , Luca Lavarini , Shigang Li , Torsten Hoefler

Object pose estimation is crucial to robotic perception and typically provides a single-pose estimate. However, a single estimate cannot capture pose uncertainty deriving from visual ambiguity, which can lead to unreliable behavior.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Frederik Hagelskjær , Dimitrios Arapis , Steffen Madsen , Thorbjørn Mosekjær Iversen

Deep ensembles (DE) have emerged as a powerful approach for quantifying predictive uncertainty and distinguishing its aleatoric and epistemic components, thereby enhancing model robustness and reliability. However, their high computational…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-19 Kaizheng Wang , Fabio Cuzzolin , David Moens , Hans Hallez

It is highly desirable to know how uncertain a model's predictions are, especially for models that are complex and hard to understand as in deep learning. Although there has been a growing interest in using deep learning methods in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-28 Davood Karimi , Simon K. Warfield , Ali Gholipour

The use of AI systems in healthcare for the early screening of diseases is of great clinical importance. Deep learning has shown great promise in medical imaging, but the reliability and trustworthiness of AI systems limit their deployment…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-17 Ke Zou , Zhihao Chen , Xuedong Yuan , Xiaojing Shen , Meng Wang , Huazhu Fu

In the critical task of making generative models trustworthy and robust, methods for Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) have begun to show encouraging potential. However, many of these methods rely on rigid heuristics that fail to generalize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Souradeep Chattopadhyay , Brendan Kennedy , Sai Munikoti , Soumik Sarkar , Karl Pazdernik

In this study, we investigate the problem of tracking objects with unknown shapes using three-dimensional (3D) point cloud data. We propose a Gaussian process-based model to jointly estimate object kinematics, including position,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-12 Murat Kumru , Emre Özkan

Reliable uncertainty estimation for 3D object detection is critical for deploying safe autonomous systems, yet modern detectors remain poorly calibrated, especially under distribution shifts. Although post-hoc calibration methods address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Till Beemelmanns , Alexey Nekrasov , Stefan Vilceanu , Jonas Steinhaus , Timo Woopen , Bastian Leibe , Lutz Eckstein

Simulating complex physical systems is crucial for understanding and predicting phenomena across diverse fields, such as fluid dynamics and heat transfer, as well as plasma physics and structural mechanics. Traditional approaches rely on…

3D object detection is an essential task for computer vision applications in autonomous vehicles and robotics. However, models often struggle to quantify detection reliability, leading to poor performance on unfamiliar scenes. We introduce…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Nikita Durasov , Rafid Mahmood , Jiwoong Choi , Marc T. Law , James Lucas , Pascal Fua , Jose M. Alvarez

The reconstruction of real-world surfaces is on high demand in various applications. Most existing reconstruction approaches apply 3D scanners for creating point clouds which are generally sparse and of low density. These points clouds will…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Rajat Sharma , Tobias Schwandt , Christian Kunert , Steffen Urban , Wolfgang Broll

Quantifying the uncertainty of an object's pose estimate is essential for robust control and planning. Although pose estimation is a well-studied robotics problem, attaching statistically rigorous uncertainty is not well understood without…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Lorenzo Shaikewitz , Charis Georgiou , Luca Carlone

In many safety-critical applications such as autonomous driving and surgical robots, it is desirable to obtain prediction uncertainties from object detection modules to help support safe decision-making. Specifically, such modules need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-11-29 Buu Phan , Rick Salay , Krzysztof Czarnecki , Vahdat Abdelzad , Taylor Denouden , Sachin Vernekar