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The non-relativistic self-gravitating gas in thermal equilibrium in the presence of a positive cosmological constant Lambda (dark energy) is investigated. The dark energy introduces a force pushing outward all particles with strength…
Simulations of collisionless oblique propagating slow shocks have revealed the existence of a transition associated with a critical temperature anisotropy epsilon=1-mu_0(P_parallel-P_perpendicular)/ B^2 = 0.25 (Liu, Drake and Swisdak…
Specific heat ($C_V$) measurements in the spin-1/2 Cu$_2$(C$_2$H$_{12}$N$_2$)$_2$Cl$_4$ system under a magnetic field up to $H=8.25 T$ are reported and compared to the results of numerical calculations based on the 2-leg antiferromagnetic…
We analyze data from simulations of 2D and 3D glass-forming liquids using a correlation function defined in terms of a memory function with a negative inverse power-law tail. The self-intermediate function and the autocorrelation functions…
We present a comparative analysis of the velocity dependence of atomic-scale friction for the Tomlinson model, at zero and finite temperatures, in 1D and 2D, and for different values of the damping. Combining analytical arguments with…
The relationship between the X-ray determined temperature $T$ of the intracluster gas and the optical measured velocity dispersion $\sigma$ of the cluster galaxies is often believed to be not only a straightforward but also robust test for…
Flows are omnipresent and govern the dynamics of plasma. Solar tornadoes are a class of apparently rotating prominences, that might be formed by thermal instability. In spectroscopic studies on thermal instability background flow is…
The dynamics of the random-phase sine-Gordon model, which describes 2D vortex-glass arrays and crystalline surfaces on disordered substrates, is investigated using the self-consistent Hartree approximation. The fluctuation-dissipation…
The laws of thermodynamics provide a clear concept of the temperature for an equilibrium system in the continuum limit. Meanwhile, the equipartition theorem allows one to make a connection between the ensemble average of the kinetic energy…
It is well known that electron-electron interaction in disordered systems leads to logarithmically divergent Altshuler-Aronov corrections to conductivity at low temperatures ($T\tau\ll 1$; $\tau$ is the elastic mean-free time). This paper…
We analyse the momentum dependence of static non-uniform susceptibilities of layered local-moment systems below Curie (Neel) temperature within the 1/S-expansion, the renormalization-group approach, and first order of 1/N-expansion. We…
According to the Nernst theorem or, equivalently, the third law of thermodynamics, the absolute zero temperature is not attainable. Starting with an initial positive temperature, we show that there exist solutions to a Kelvin-Voigt model…
The thermodynamic uncertainty relation (TUR) quantifies a relationship between current fluctuations and dissipation in out-of-equilibrium overdamped Langevin dynamics, making it a natural counterpart of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem…
Instantaneous heat transfer between different phases is a common assumption for modeling heat transfer in porous media, known as Local Thermal Equilibrium (LTE). This assumption may not hold in certain technical and environmental…
In a 4D four-fermion model we study the dynamical restoration of Lorentz and CPT symmetries at finite temperature. We evaluate the gap equation both at zero and at finite temperature and observe that, depending on the parameters of the…
We present a set of gas-dynamical simulations of galaxy groups and clusters aimed at exploring the effect of non-gravitational heating. We use GASOLINE, a parallel Tree+SPH code, to simulate the formation of four cosmic halos with…
We study the issue of temperature in a steady system around a black hole event horizon, contrasting it with the appearance of divergence in a thermal equilibrium system. We focus on a spherically symmetric system governed by general…
The relationship between the cosmic microwave background radiation temperature and the redshift, i.e., the $T$--$z$ relation, is examined in a phenomenological dissipative model. The model contains two constant terms, as if a nonzero…
In this study we used nonequilibrium simulation method to investigate the temperature dependent divergence of thermal conductivity in one dimensional momentum conserving system with asymmetric double well nearest-neighbor interaction…
The main uncertainty in current determinations of the power spectrum normalization, sigma_8, from abundances of X-ray luminous galaxy clusters arises from the calibration of the mass-temperature relation. We use our weak lensing mass…