Related papers: Initial state and approach to equilibrium
We present the first microscopic calculation of the spectator fragmentation observed in heavy ion reactions at relativistic energies which reproduces the slope of the kinetic energy spectra of the fragments as well as their multiplicity,…
I discuss how local thermal equilibrium and hydrodynamical flow are reached in heavy-ion collisions in the weak coupling limit.
Systems with long range interactions display some anomalies when its dynamics and thermodynamics are studied below certain conditions. Among these anomalies are the quasi- stationary states, which are exacerbated because of special initial…
The usual paradigm of open quantum systems falls short when the environment is actually coupled to additional fields or components that drive it out of equilibrium. Here we explore the simplest such scenario, by considering a two level…
Aspects of the modern dynamical systems approach to thermodynamics of stationary states out of equilibrium with attention to the original conceptions which arose at the beginnings of Statistical Mechanics
We review the phenomenology and theory of bulk observables in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions, focussing on recent developments involving event-by-event fluctuations in the initial stages of a heavy ion collision, and how they…
Deciphering the origin of collective phenomena in small colliding systems is one of contemporary focuses in heavy-ion physics. It entails penetrating the barrier between two previously separated research topics:…
Attractor, supposed to be one of the possible answer for the early applicability of hydrodynamics in the evolution with different initial conditions, has attracted great attention to the fast decreasing of degrees of freedom in heavy ion…
A review of the recent progress of relativistic hydrodynamic attractors is presented, with a focus on applications in heavy ion collisions and the quark gluon plasma. Pedagogical introductions to the effective descriptions relevant for…
Exceptional point in non-Hermitian system possesses fascinating properties. We present an exactly solvable attractor dynamics for the first time from a two-level time dependent non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. It allows a way to evolve to the…
Heavy-ion collisions provide the only laboratory tests of relativistic quantum field theory at finite temperature. Understanding these is a necessary step in understanding the origins of our universe. These lectures introduce the subject to…
A scenario of heavy resonances, called massive Hagedorn states, is proposed which exhibits a fast ($t\approx 1$ fm/c) chemical equilibration of (strange) baryons and anti-baryons at the QCD critical temperature $T_c$. For relativistic heavy…
We study the effect of external proper time-dependent longitudinal forces on the evolution of the distribution function using the Boltzmann Equation with a relaxation time collision kernel under Bjorken flow. We derive an exact solution and…
It is shown how the initial azimuthally asymmetric flow develops from the free-streaming + sudden equilibration approximation to the early dynamics in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Consequences for the hydrodynamics and physical…
Recently a concept of self-excited and hidden attractors was suggested: an attractor is called a self-excited attractor if its basin of attraction overlaps with neighborhood of an equilibrium, otherwise it is called a hidden attractor. For…
We review recent developments in the ab-initio theoretical description of the initial state in heavy-ion collisions. We emphasize the importance of fluctuations, both for the phenomenological description of experimental data from the…
We study how isotropic and homogeneous far-from-equilibrium quantum systems relax to nonthermal attractors, which are of interest for cold atoms and nuclear collisions. We demonstrate that a first-order ordinary differential equation…
Calculations of nonequilibrium processes become increasingly feasable in quantum field theory from first principles. There has been important progress in our analytical understanding based on 2PI generating functionals. In addition, for the…
Systems with long-range interactions (LRI) display unusual thermodynamical and dynamical properties that stem from the non-additive character of the interaction potential. We focus in this work on the lack of relaxation to thermal…
Understanding the applicability of fluid-dynamical models to describe the hot and dense matter produced in the early stages of hadronic collisions is a fundamental problem in the field. In particular, it is not clear to what degree this…