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Autonomous driving systems (ADSs) promise improved transportation efficiency and safety, yet ensuring their reliability in complex real-world environments remains a critical challenge. Effective testing is essential to validate ADS…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yihan Liao , Jingyu Zhang , Jacky Keung , Yan Xiao , Yurou Dai

As autonomous vehicles edge closer to widespread adoption, enhancing road safety through collision avoidance and minimization of collateral damage becomes imperative. Vehicle-to-everything (V2X) technologies, which include…

Traffic accidents, being a significant contributor to both human casualties and property damage, have long been a focal point of research for many scholars in the field of traffic safety. However, previous studies, whether focusing on…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2024-01-01 Lening Wang , Yilong Ren , Han Jiang , Pinlong Cai , Daocheng Fu , Tianqi Wang , Zhiyong Cui , Haiyang Yu , Xuesong Wang , Hanchu Zhou , Helai Huang , Yinhai Wang

A key challenge for autonomous driving lies in maintaining real-time situational awareness regarding surrounding obstacles under strict latency constraints. The high processing requirements coupled with limited onboard computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Faisal Hawladera , Rui Meireles , Gamal Elghazaly , Ana Aguiar , Raphaël Frank

Video-to-audio (V2A) generation aims to produce corresponding audio given silent video inputs. This task is particularly challenging due to the cross-modality and sequential nature of the audio-visual features involved. Recent works have…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-09-17 Mingjing Yi , Ming Li

Maintaining situational awareness in complex driving scenarios is challenging. It requires continuously prioritizing attention among extensive scene entities and understanding how prominent hazards might affect the ego vehicle. While…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Yaoqi Huang , Julie Stephany Berrio , Mao Shan , Stewart Worrall

We propose a new real-world attack against the computer vision based systems of autonomous vehicles (AVs). Our novel Sign Embedding attack exploits the concept of adversarial examples to modify innocuous signs and advertisements in the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-28 Chawin Sitawarin , Arjun Nitin Bhagoji , Arsalan Mosenia , Prateek Mittal , Mung Chiang

Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in interpreting visual content. While existing works demonstrate these models' vulnerability to deliberately placed adversarial texts, such texts are often easily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Yue Cao , Yun Xing , Jie Zhang , Di Lin , Tianwei Zhang , Ivor Tsang , Yang Liu , Qing Guo

A critical aspect of autonomous vehicles (AVs) is the object detection stage, which is increasingly being performed with sensor fusion models: multimodal 3D object detection models which utilize both 2D RGB image data and 3D data from a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Won Park , Nan Liu , Qi Alfred Chen , Z. Morley Mao

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) rely heavily on LiDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) systems for accurate perception and navigation, providing high-resolution 3D environmental data that is crucial for object detection and classification. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-01 Amira Guesmi , Muhammad Shafique

Cooperative perception offers several benefits for enhancing the capabilities of autonomous vehicles and improving road safety. Using roadside sensors in addition to onboard sensors increases reliability and extends the sensor range.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-05 Walter Zimmer , Gerhard Arya Wardana , Suren Sritharan , Xingcheng Zhou , Rui Song , Alois C. Knoll

Multi-view cooperative perception and multimodal fusion are essential for reliable 3D spatiotemporal understanding in autonomous driving, especially under occlusions, limited viewpoints, and communication delays in V2X scenarios. This paper…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Zhenwei Yang , Yibo Ai , Weidong Zhang

Autonomous Vehicle (AV) perception systems require more than simply seeing, via e.g., object detection or scene segmentation. They need a holistic understanding of what is happening within the scene for safe interaction with other road…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Salman Khan , Izzeddin Teeti , Reza Javanmard Alitappeh , Mihaela C. Stoian , Eleonora Giunchiglia , Gurkirt Singh , Andrew Bradley , Fabio Cuzzolin

Visual scene understanding is a fundamental task in computer vision that aims to extract meaningful information from visual data. It traditionally involves disjoint and specialized algorithms for different tasks that are tailored for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Américo Pereira , Pedro Carvalho , Luís Côrte-Real

Neural networks build the foundation of several intelligent systems, which, however, are known to be easily fooled by adversarial examples. Recent advances made these attacks possible even in air-gapped scenarios, where the autonomous…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Ana Răduţoiu , Jan-Philipp Schulze , Philip Sperl , Konstantin Böttinger

Robust training and validation of Autonomous Driving Systems (ADS) require massive, diverse datasets. Proprietary data collected by Autonomous Vehicle (AV) fleets, while high-fidelity, are limited in scale, diversity of sensor…

Accurate trajectory prediction is fundamental to autonomous driving, as it underpins safe motion planning and collision avoidance in complex environments. However, existing benchmark datasets suffer from a pronounced long-tail distribution…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Ruining Yang , Yi Xu , Yixiao Chen , Yun Fu , Lili Su

Adversarial attacks in the physical world pose a significant threat to the security of vision-based systems, such as facial recognition and autonomous driving. Existing adversarial patch methods primarily focus on improving attack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-19 Chaoqun Li , Huanqian Yan , Lifeng Zhou , Tairan Chen , Zhuodong Liu , Hang Su

With the rapid advancement of deep learning and related technologies, Autonomous Driving Systems (ADSs) have made significant progress and are gradually being widely applied in safety-critical fields. However, numerous accident reports show…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Pin Ji , Yang Feng , Zongtai Li , Xiangchi Zhou , Jia Liu , Jun Sun , Zhihong Zhao

Scene understanding, defined as learning, extraction, and representation of interactions among traffic elements, is one of the critical challenges toward high-level autonomous driving (AD). Current scene understanding methods mainly focus…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-28 Yuning Wang , Zhiyuan Liu , Haotian Lin , Junkai Jiang , Shaobing Xu , Jianqiang Wang