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Patterns are fundamental to human cognition, enabling the recognition of structure and regularity across diverse domains. In this work, we focus on structural repeats, patterns that arise from the repetition of hierarchical relations within…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-15 Zeng Ren , Xinyi Guan , Martin Rohrmeier

Conventional music structure analysis algorithms aim to divide a song into segments and to group them with abstract labels (e.g., 'A', 'B', and 'C'). However, explicitly identifying the function of each segment (e.g., 'verse' or 'chorus')…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-05-31 Ju-Chiang Wang , Yun-Ning Hung , Jordan B. L. Smith

We use Google's MusicVAE, a Variational Auto-Encoder with a 512-dimensional latent space to represent a few bars of music, and organize the latent dimensions according to their relevance in describing music. We find that, on average, most…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-02 Gabriela Barenboim , Luigi Del Debbio , Johannes Hirn , Veronica Sanz

Tipping points are moments of change that characterise crucial turning points in a piece of music. This study presents a first step towards quantitatively and systematically describing the musical properties of tipping points. Timing…

Sound · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Canishk Naik , Elaine Chew

Vibrational dynamics governs the fundamental properties of molecular crystals, shaping their thermodynamics, mechanics, spectroscopy, and transport phenomena. However desirable, the first-principles calculation of solid-state vibrations,…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-03-25 Lorenzo Soprani , Andrea Giunchi , Marco Bardini , Quintin N. Meier , Gabriele D'Avino

Every art form ultimately aims to invoke an emotional response over the audience, and music is no different. While the precise perception of music is a highly subjective topic, there is an agreement in the "feeling" of a piece of music in…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2018-12-13 Cengiz Kaygusuz , Julian Zuluaga

In this paper, we consider the problem of probabilistically modelling symbolic music data. We introduce a representation which reduces polyphonic music to a univariate categorical sequence. In this way, we are able to apply state of the art…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-06-07 Christian Walder

Music Information Retrieval (MIR) has seen a recent surge in deep learning-based approaches, which often involve encoding symbolic music (i.e., music represented in terms of discrete note events) in an image-like or language like fashion.…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-09-12 Huan Zhang , Emmanouil Karystinaios , Simon Dixon , Gerhard Widmer , Carlos Eduardo Cancino-Chacón

While music remains a challenging domain for generative models like Transformers, a two-pronged approach has recently proved successful: inserting musically-relevant structural information into the positional encoding (PE) module and using…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-04-09 Manvi Agarwal , Changhong Wang , Gael Richard

In recent years, neural networks have been used to generate symbolic melodies. However, the long-term structure in the melody has posed great difficulty for designing a good model. In this paper, we present a hierarchical recurrent neural…

Sound · Computer Science 2018-09-06 Jian Wu , Changran Hu , Yulong Wang , Xiaolin Hu , Jun Zhu

This article investigates a cross-modal retrieval problem in which a user would like to retrieve a passage of music from a MIDI file by taking a cell phone picture of several lines of sheet music. This problem is challenging for two…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2020-04-27 TJ Tsai , Daniel Yang , Mengyi Shan , Thitaree Tanprasert , Teerapat Jenrungrot

We introduce a Maximum Entropy model able to capture the statistics of melodies in music. The model can be used to generate new melodies that emulate the style of the musical corpus which was used to train it. Instead of using the $n-$body…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2016-10-12 Jason Sakellariou , Francesca Tria , Vittorio Loreto , François Pachet

Music Structure Analysis is an open research task in Music Information Retrieval (MIR). In the past, there have been several works that attempt to segment music into the audio and symbolic domains, however, the identification and…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-03-27 Carlos Hernandez-Olivan , Sonia Rubio Llamas , Jose R. Beltran

Many music AI models learn a map between music content and human-defined labels. However, many annotations, such as chords, can be naturally expressed within the music modality itself, e.g., as sequences of symbolic notes. This observation…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Junyan Jiang , Daniel Chin , Liwei Lin , Xuanjie Liu , Gus Xia

Suppose that we observe independent random pairs $(X_1,Y_1)$, $(X_2,Y_2)$, >..., $(X_n,Y_n)$. Our goal is to estimate regression functions such as the conditional mean or $\beta$--quantile of $Y$ given $X$, where $0<\beta <1$. In order to…

Computation · Statistics 2009-01-29 Lutz Duembgen , Arne Kovac

Sampling and quantization are standard practices in signal and image processing, but a theoretical understanding of their impact is incomplete. We consider discrete image registration when the underlying function is a one-dimensional…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Serap A. Savari

Symbolic music representation is a fundamental challenge in computational musicology. While grid-based representations effectively preserve pitch-time spatial correspondence, their inherent data sparsity leads to low encoding efficiency.…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Lekai Qian , Haoyu Gu , Dehan Li , Boyu Cao , Qi Liu

We present a novel framework for generating pop music. Our model is a hierarchical Recurrent Neural Network, where the layers and the structure of the hierarchy encode our prior knowledge about how pop music is composed. In particular, the…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-11-14 Hang Chu , Raquel Urtasun , Sanja Fidler

We consider the design of a pattern recognition that matches templates to images, both of which are spatially sampled and encoded as temporal sequences. The image is subject to a combination of various perturbations. These include ones that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2009-05-22 Ivan Tyukin , Tatiana Tyukina , Cees van Leeuwen

The election of the function to optimize when training a machine learning model is very important since this is which lets the model learn. It is not trivial since there are many options, each for different purposes. In the case of sequence…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-06-04 Sebastian Garcia-Valencia
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