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Analyzing literature involves tracking interactions between characters, locations, and themes. Visualization has the potential to facilitate the mapping and analysis of these complex relationships, but capturing structured information from…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Catherine Yeh , Tara Menon , Robin Singh Arya , Helen He , Moira Weigel , Fernanda Viégas , Martin Wattenberg

Gender biases in language generation systems are challenging to mitigate. One possible source for these biases is gender representation disparities in the training and evaluation data. Despite recent progress in documenting this problem and…

Generating long form narratives such as stories and procedures from multiple modalities has been a long standing dream for artificial intelligence. In this regard, there is often crucial subtext that is derived from the surrounding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-28 Khyathi Raghavi Chandu , Ruo-Ping Dong , Alan Black

Knowledge Graphs are pivotal for semantic data integration. The real-world data they model is often inherently uncertain. Within knowledge graphs, uncertainty manifests in three distinct levels: imprecise attribute values, probabilistic…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Jingcheng Wu

Time series data are prevalent across various domains and often encompass large datasets containing multiple time-dependent features in each sample. Exploring time-varying data is critical for data science practitioners aiming to understand…

Graphics · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Evandro S. Ortigossa , Fábio F. Dias , Diego C. Nascimento , Luis Gustavo Nonato

Accompanying a data visualization with metadata may benefit readers by facilitating content understanding, strengthening trust, and providing accountability. However, providing this kind of information may also have negative, unintended…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Alyxander Burns , Thai On , Christiana Lee , Rachel Shapiro , Cindy Xiong , Narges Mahyar

Causality is a fundamental part of the scientific endeavour to understand the world. Unfortunately, causality is still taboo in much of psychology and social science. Motivated by a growing number of recommendations for the importance of…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-27 Matthew J. Vowels

We introduce a visual analysis method for multiple causal graphs with different outcome variables, namely, multi-outcome causal graphs. Multi-outcome causal graphs are important in healthcare for understanding multimorbidity and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-01 Mengjie Fan , Jinlu Yu , Daniel Weiskopf , Nan Cao , Huai-Yu Wang , Liang Zhou

Much of the alignment tuning literature is organized around optimization objectives, while the construction of alignment data is often treated implicitly. In this survey, we adopt a data centric perspective and reframe alignment tuning as a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-27 Hwanjun Song

Visual texts embedded in videos carry rich semantic information, which is crucial for both holistic video understanding and fine-grained reasoning about local human actions. However, existing video understanding benchmarks largely overlook…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Zhoufaran Yang , Yan Shu , Jing Wang , Zhifei Yang , Yan Zhang , Yu Li , Keyang Lu , Gangyan Zeng , Shaohui Liu , Yu Zhou , Nicu Sebe

Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is a widely used technique for flow measurement that traditionally relies on cross-correlation to track the displacement. Recent advances in deep learning-based methods have significantly improved the…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-29 Wei Wang , Jeremiah Hu , Jia Ai , Yong Lee

One of the oldest flow visualization techniques is through multiple pathlines generated by the movement of seeding particles spatially distributed in the flow. In the computerized era, particle images are used in quantitative measurements,…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2026-01-13 Yukun Sun , Elijah James , Frank Fang , Jasper Agrawal , Christopher Dougherty , Cong Wang , Chris Roh

Line attributes such as width and dashing are commonly used to encode information. However, many questions on the perception of line attributes remain, such as how many levels of attribute variation can be distinguished or which line…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-11-09 Anna Sterzik , Nils Lichtenberg , Jana Wilms , Michael Krone , Douglas W. Cunningham , Kai Lawonn

It is well believed that the higher uncertainty in a word of the caption, the more inter-correlated context information is required to determine it. However, current image captioning methods usually consider the generation of all words in a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-01 Zhengcong Fei , Mingyuan Fan , Li Zhu , Junshi Huang , Xiaoming Wei , Xiaolin Wei

Ultrasound is one of the most frequently used imaging modality in medicine. The high spatial resolution, its interactive nature and non-invasiveness makes it the first choice in many examinations. Image interpretation is one of ultrasound's…

Text summarization, a key natural language generation (NLG) task, is vital in various domains. However, the high cost of inaccurate summaries in risk-critical applications, particularly those involving human-in-the-loop decision-making,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Jianfeng He , Runing Yang , Linlin Yu , Changbin Li , Ruoxi Jia , Feng Chen , Ming Jin , Chang-Tien Lu

Analyses of a software product line (SPL) typically report variable results that are annotated with logical expressions indicating the set of product variants for which the results hold. These expressions can get complicated and difficult…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-11-01 Rafael F. Toledo , Joanne M. Atlee , Rui Ming Xiong

Neural Sequence-to-Sequence models have proven to be accurate and robust for many sequence prediction tasks, and have become the standard approach for automatic translation of text. The models work in a five stage blackbox process that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-17 Hendrik Strobelt , Sebastian Gehrmann , Michael Behrisch , Adam Perer , Hanspeter Pfister , Alexander M. Rush

Modern autonomous systems with machine learning components often use uncertainty quantification to help produce assurances about system operation. However, there is a lack of consensus in the community on what uncertainty is and how to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-27 Sampada Deglurkar , Haotian Shen , Anish Muthali , Marco Pavone , Dragos Margineantu , Peter Karkus , Boris Ivanovic , Claire J. Tomlin

Uncertainty quantification for Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) is critical for comparing flow fields with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) results, and model design and validation. However, PIV features a complex measurement chain with…

Fluid Dynamics · Physics 2021-07-07 Lalit K. Rajendran , Sayantan Bhattacharya , Sally P. M. Bane , Pavlos P. Vlachos