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The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will offer the first opportunity to characterize terrestrial exoplanets with sufficient precision to identify high mean molecular weight atmospheres, and TRAPPIST-1's seven known transiting Earth-sized…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-06-26 Jacob Lustig-Yaeger , Victoria S. Meadows , Andrew P. Lincowski

The characterization of the atmospheres of habitable-zone Earth-mass exoplanets that transit across main-sequence stars, let alone the detection of bio-markers in their atmospheres, will be challenging even with future facilities. It has…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-12 Abraham Loeb , Dan Maoz

We propose to use Kepler in 2-wheel mode to conduct a detailed search for Earth-sized planets orbiting ultra-cool stars and brown dwarfs (spectral types from M7 to L3). This population of objects presents several advantages for exoplanet…

A large fraction of white dwarfs (WDs) may host planets in their habitable zones. These planets may provide our best chance to detect bio-markers on a transiting exoplanet, thanks to the diminished contrast ratio between the Earth-sized WD…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-09-03 Mukremin Kilic , Eric Agol , Abraham Loeb , Dan Maoz , Jeffrey A. Munn , Alexandros Gianninas , Paul Canton , Sara D. Barber

The population of short-period giant exoplanets around M-dwarf stars is slowly rising. These planets present an extraordinary opportunity for atmospheric characterisation and defy our current understanding of planetary formation.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-10-23 Lucas Teinturier , Elsa Ducrot , Benjamin Charnay

We present JWST Early Release Science (ERS) coronagraphic observations of the super-Jupiter exoplanet, HIP 65426 b, with the Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) from 2-5 $\mu$m, and with the Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) from 11-16 $\mu$m. At a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 Aarynn L. Carter , Sasha Hinkley , Jens Kammerer , Andrew Skemer , Beth A. Biller , Jarron M. Leisenring , Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer , Simon Petrus , Jordan M. Stone , Kimberly Ward-Duong , Jason J. Wang , Julien H. Girard , Dean C. Hines , Marshall D. Perrin , Laurent Pueyo , William O. Balmer , Mariangela Bonavita , Mickael Bonnefoy , Gael Chauvin , Elodie Choquet , Valentin Christiaens , Camilla Danielski , Grant M. Kennedy , Elisabeth C. Matthews , Brittany E. Miles , Polychronis Patapis , Shrishmoy Ray , Emily Rickman , Steph Sallum , Karl R. Stapelfeldt , Niall Whiteford , Yifan Zhou , Olivier Absil , Anthony Boccaletti , Mark Booth , Brendan P. Bowler , Christine H. Chen , Thayne Currie , Jonathan J. Fortney , Carol A. Grady , Alexandra Z. Greenbaum , Thomas Henning , Kielan K. W. Hoch , Markus Janson , Paul Kalas , Matthew A. Kenworthy , Pierre Kervella , Adam L. Kraus , Pierre-Olivier Lagage , Michael C. Liu , Bruce Macintosh , Sebastian Marino , Mark S. Marley , Christian Marois , Brenda C. Matthews , Dimitri Mawet , Michael W. McElwain , Stanimir Metchev , Michael R. Meyer , Paul Molliere , Sarah E. Moran , Caroline V. Morley , Sagnick Mukherjee , Eric Pantin , Andreas Quirrenbach , Isabel Rebollido , Bin B. Ren , Glenn Schneider , Malavika Vasist , Kadin Worthen , Mark C. Wyatt , Zackery W. Briesemeister , Marta L. Bryan , Per Calissendorff , Faustine Cantalloube , Gabriele Cugno , Matthew De Furio , Trent J. Dupuy , Samuel M. Factor , Jacqueline K. Faherty , Michael P. Fitzgerald , Kyle Franson , Eileen C. Gonzales , Callie E. Hood , Alex R. Howe , Masayuki Kuzuhara , Anne-Marie Lagrange , Kellen Lawson , Cecilia Lazzoni , Ben W. P. Lew , Pengyu Liu , Jorge Llop-Sayson , James P. Lloyd , Raquel A. Martinez , Johan Mazoyer , Paulina Palma-Bifani , Sascha P. Quanz , Jea Adams Redai , Matthias Samland , Joshua E. Schlieder , Motohide Tamura , Xianyu Tan , Taichi Uyama , Arthur Vigan , Johanna M. Vos , Kevin Wagner , Schuyler G. Wolff , Marie Ygouf , Xi Zhang , Keming Zhang , Zhoujian Zhang

Since white dwarfs are small, the contrast between the thermal emission of an orbiting object and a white dwarf is dramatically enhanced compared to a main sequence host. Furthermore, rocky objects much smaller than the moon have no…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-22 Henry Lin , Abraham Loeb

Infrared excess is an important probe of sub-stellar companions and/or debris disks around white dwarfs (WDs). Such systems are still rare for in-depth understanding of their formation and long-term evolution. One of the largest…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-15 Lin Wang , Xiaoxia Zhang , Junfeng Wang , Zhi-Xiang Zhang , Taotao Fang , Wei-Min Gu , Jincheng Guo , Xiaochuan Jiang

We advocate for the prioritization of high-precision photometric monitoring of exoplanet and brown dwarf companions to detect brightness variability arising from features in their atmospheres. Measurements of photometric variability provide…

We present detections of the near-infrared thermal emission of three hot Jupiters and one brown-dwarf using the Wide-field Infrared Camera (WIRCam) on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). These include Ks-band secondary eclipse…

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is ushering in a new era in remote sensing of exoplanetary atmospheres. Atmospheric retrievals of exoplanets can be highly sensitive to high-precision JWST data. It is, therefore, imperative to…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-07-12 Måns Holmberg , Nikku Madhusudhan

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will allow observations with a unique combination of spectral, spatial, and temporal resolution for the study of outer planet satellites within our Solar System. We highlight the infrared spectroscopy…

The spectroscopic characterization of terrestrial exoplanets will be made possible for the first time with JWST. One challenge to characterizing such planets is that it is not known a priori whether they possess optically thick atmospheres…

Giant planets within the habitable zones of the closest several stars can currently be imaged with ground-based telescopes. Within the next decade, the Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) will begin to image the habitable zones of a greater…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2023-03-08 Zach Werber , Kevin Wagner , Daniel Apai

We present the first emission spectrum of the hot Jupiter WASP-17 b using one eclipse observation from the JWST Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph (NIRISS) Single Object Slitless Spectroscopy (SOSS) mode. Covering a wavelength…

Brown dwarfs are essential probes of stellar and planetary formation, yet their low luminosities pose challenges for detection at large Galactic distances. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), with its unprecedented near-infrared…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-03 Zhijun Tu , Shu Wang , Xiaodian Chen , Jifeng Liu

With a scheduled launch in October 2018, the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is expected to revolutionise the field of atmospheric characterization of exoplanets. The broad wavelength coverage and high sensitivity of its instruments will…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2016-12-21 M. Rocchetto , I. P. Waldmann , O. Venot , P. -O. Lagage , G. Tinetti

The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has now started its exploration of exoplanetary worlds. In particular, the Mid-InfraRed Instrument (MIRI) with its Low-Resolution Spectrometer (LRS) carries out transit, eclipse, and phase-curve…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2024-03-04 Achrène Dyrek , Elsa Ducrot , Pierre-Olivier Lagage , Pascal Tremblin , Sarah Kendrew , Jeroen Bouwman , Rémi Bouffet

MIRI (the Mid-Infrared Instrument for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)) operates from 5 to 28.5 microns and combines over this range: 1.) unprecedented sensitivity levels; 2.) sub-arcsec angular resolution; 3.) freedom from atmospheric…