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Bilevel Optimization has experienced significant advancements recently with the introduction of new efficient algorithms. Mirroring the success in single-level optimization, stochastic gradient-based algorithms are widely used in bilevel…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-11-12 Junyi Li , Heng Huang

We explore anisotropic regularisation methods in the spirit of [Holler & Kunisch, 14]. Based on ground truth data, we propose a bilevel optimisation strategy to compute the optimal regularisation parameters of such a model for the…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2016-02-04 Martin Benning , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Tuomo Valkonen , Verner Vlačić

Evolutionary algorithms serve as a powerful paradigm for tackling optimization challenges, yet their reliance on manually engineered heuristics inherently limits their adaptability across diverse landscapes. However, the transition from the…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2026-03-04 Jiaxin Gao , Yaohua Liu , Ran Cheng , Kay Chen Tan

We design and analyze a novel accelerated gradient-based algorithm for a class of bilevel optimization problems. These problems have various applications arising from machine learning and image processing, where optimal solutions of the two…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-20 Sepideh Samadi , Daniel Burbano , Farzad Yousefian

Bilevel programs are optimization problems where some variables are solutions to optimization problems themselves, and they arise in a variety of control applications, including: control of vehicle traffic networks, inverse reinforcement…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2017-09-27 Aurélien Ouattara , Anil Aswani

We study a class of bilevel convex optimization problems where the goal is to find the minimizer of an objective function in the upper level, among the set of all optimal solutions of an optimization problem in the lower level. A wide range…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-27 Mostafa Amini , Farzad Yousefian

We propose an unsupervised approach for learning end-to-end reconstruction operators for ill-posed inverse problems. The proposed method combines the classical variational framework with iterative unrolling, which essentially seeks to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-06-08 Subhadip Mukherjee , Marcello Carioni , Ozan Öktem , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb

We formulate the machine unlearning problem as a general constrained optimization problem. It unifies the first-order methods from the approximate machine unlearning literature. This paper then introduces the concept of feasible updates as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Virgile Dine , Teddy Furon , Charly Faure

Solving optimization problems with unknown parameters often requires learning a predictive model to predict the values of the unknown parameters and then solving the problem using these values. Recent work has shown that including the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Kai Wang , Bryan Wilder , Andrew Perrault , Milind Tambe

Autonomous driving has a natural bi-level structure. The goal of the upper behavioural layer is to provide appropriate lane change, speeding up, and braking decisions to optimize a given driving task. However, this layer can only indirectly…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Arun Kumar Singh , Jatan Shrestha , Nicola Albarella

Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM) based machine learning algorithms have suffered from weak generalization performance on data obtained from out-of-distribution (OOD). To address this problem, Invariant Risk Minimization (IRM) objective was…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-25 Jun-Hyun Bae , Inchul Choi , Minho Lee

Unsupervised representation learning aims at describing raw data efficiently to solve various downstream tasks. It has been approached with many techniques, such as manifold learning, diffusion maps, or more recently self-supervised…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-02 Vivien Cabannes , Alberto Bietti , Randall Balestriero

Bilevel optimization has witnessed a resurgence of interest, driven by its critical role in trustworthy and efficient AI applications. While many recent works have established convergence to stationary points or local minima, obtaining the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-12-25 Quan Xiao , Tianyi Chen

Bilevel optimization (BLO) problem, where two optimization problems (referred to as upper- and lower-level problems) are coupled hierarchically, has wide applications in areas such as machine learning and operations research. Recently, many…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-05-19 Xiaotian Jiang , Ioannis Tsaknakis , Prashant Khanduri , Mingyi Hong

Learning to optimize - the idea that we can learn from data algorithms that optimize a numerical criterion - has recently been at the heart of a growing number of research efforts. One of the most challenging issues within this approach is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-02-21 Louis Faury , Flavian Vasile

Bi-level optimization (BO) has become a fundamental mathematical framework for addressing hierarchical machine learning problems. As deep learning models continue to grow in size, the demand for scalable bi-level optimization solutions has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-25 Qianli Shen , Yezhen Wang , Zhouhao Yang , Xiang Li , Haonan Wang , Yang Zhang , Jonathan Scarlett , Zhanxing Zhu , Kenji Kawaguchi

We study the problem of learning-to-learn: inferring a learning algorithm that works well on tasks sampled from an unknown distribution. As class of algorithms we consider Stochastic Gradient Descent on the true risk regularized by the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-03-26 Giulia Denevi , Carlo Ciliberto , Riccardo Grazzi , Massimiliano Pontil

A distribution shift between the training and test data can severely harm performance of machine learning models. Importance weighting addresses this issue by assigning different weights to data points during training. We argue that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-17 Floris Holstege , Bram Wouters , Noud van Giersbergen , Cees Diks

Energy-based latent variable models (EBLVMs) are more expressive than conventional energy-based models. However, its potential on visual tasks are limited by its training process based on maximum likelihood estimate that requires sampling…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Ge Kan , Jinhu Lü , Tian Wang , Baochang Zhang , Aichun Zhu , Lei Huang , Guodong Guo , Hichem Snoussi

By searching for shared inductive biases across tasks, meta-learning promises to accelerate learning on novel tasks, but with the cost of solving a complex bilevel optimization problem. We introduce and rigorously define the trade-off…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-15 Katelyn Gao , Ozan Sener