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Incorporating automatically predicted human feedback into the process of training generative models has attracted substantial recent interest, while feedback at inference time has received less attention. The typical feedback at training…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-09 Uri Berger , Omri Abend , Lea Frermann , Gabriel Stanovsky

Explainable AI (XAI) is widely used to analyze AI systems' decision-making, such as providing counterfactual explanations for recourse. When unexpected explanations occur, users may want to understand the training data properties shaping…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-26 André Artelt , Barbara Hammer

Collaborative robots must continually adapt to novel tasks and user preferences without overburdening the user. While prior interactive robot learning methods aim to reduce human effort, they are typically limited to single-task scenarios…

In Reinforcement Learning from Human Feedback (RLHF), it is crucial to learn suitable reward models from human feedback to align large language models (LLMs) with human intentions. However, human feedback can often be noisy, inconsistent,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Taywon Min , Haeone Lee , Yongchan Kwon , Kimin Lee

In-context learning (ICL) has emerged as a successful paradigm for leveraging large language models (LLMs). However, it often struggles to generalize beyond the distribution of the provided demonstrations. A recent advancement in enhancing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Ukyo Honda , Tatsushi Oka

The trustworthiness of Machine Learning (ML) models can be difficult to assess, but is critical in high-risk or ethically sensitive applications. Many models are treated as a `black-box' where the reasoning or criteria for a final decision…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Saif Anwar , Nathan Griffiths , Abhir Bhalerao , Thomas Popham

Despite the proliferation of explainable AI (XAI) methods, little is understood about end-users' explainability needs and behaviors around XAI explanations. To address this gap and contribute to understanding how explainability can support…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-02-20 Sunnie S. Y. Kim , Elizabeth Anne Watkins , Olga Russakovsky , Ruth Fong , Andrés Monroy-Hernández

Deep learning models have achieved state-of-the-art performance in many computer vision tasks. However, in real-world scenarios, novel classes that were unseen during training often emerge, requiring models to acquire new knowledge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Lucas Rakotoarivony

Imitation learning techniques have been shown to be highly effective in real-world control scenarios, such as robotics. However, these approaches not only suffer from compounding error issues but also require human experts to provide…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Yigit Korkmaz , Erdem Bıyık

The unprecedented performance of machine learning models in recent years, particularly Deep Learning and transformer models, has resulted in their application in various domains such as finance, healthcare, and education. However, the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-12-20 Milad Rogha

Many deep learning applications, like keyword spotting, require the incorporation of new concepts (classes) over time, referred to as Class Incremental Learning (CIL). The major challenge in CIL is catastrophic forgetting, i.e., preserving…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-28 Dong Ma , Chi Ian Tang , Cecilia Mascolo

In the ever-evolving field of Artificial Intelligence, a critical challenge has been to decipher the decision-making processes within the so-called "black boxes" in deep learning. Over recent years, a plethora of methods have emerged,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Karam Dawoud , Wojciech Samek , Peter Eisert , Sebastian Lapuschkin , Sebastian Bosse

Integrating human expertise into machine learning systems often reduces the role of experts to labeling oracles, a paradigm that limits the amount of information exchanged and fails to capture the nuances of human judgment. We address this…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Belén Martín-Urcelay , Yoonsang Lee , Matthieu R. Bloch , Christopher J. Rozell

Imitation Learning (IL) is a widely adopted approach which enables agents to learn from human expert demonstrations by framing the task as a supervised learning problem. However, IL often suffers from causal confusion, where agents…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Amin Banayeeanzade , Fatemeh Bahrani , Yutai Zhou , Erdem Bıyık

Any digital personal assistant, whether used to support task performance, answer questions, or manage work and daily life, including fitness schedules, requires high-quality annotations to function properly. However, user annotations,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-29 Andrea Bontempelli , Matteo Busso , Leonardo Javier Malcotti , Fausto Giunchiglia

Explainability and interpretability of AI models is an essential factor affecting the safety of AI. While various explainable AI (XAI) approaches aim at mitigating the lack of transparency in deep networks, the evidence of the effectiveness…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-03-03 Kamran Alipour , Jurgen P. Schulze , Yi Yao , Avi Ziskind , Giedrius Burachas

Interactive Machine Learning (IML) shall enable intelligent systems to interactively learn from their end-users, and is quickly becoming more and more important. Although it puts the human in the loop, interactions are mostly performed via…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-09-08 Sebastian Kiefer , Mareike Hoffmann

In-context learning (ICL) allows transformer-based language models that are pre-trained on general text to quickly learn a specific task with a few "task demonstrations" without updating their parameters, significantly boosting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Zijian Zhou , Xiaoqiang Lin , Xinyi Xu , Alok Prakash , Daniela Rus , Bryan Kian Hsiang Low

The capability to interactively learn from human feedback would enable agents in new settings. For example, even novice users could train service robots in new tasks naturally and interactively. Human-in-the-loop Reinforcement Learning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Jakob Karalus , Felix Lindner

Although robotic imitation learning (RIL) is promising for embodied intelligent robots, existing RIL approaches rely on computationally intensive multi-model trajectory predictions, resulting in slow execution and limited real-time…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Jun Xie , Zhicheng Wang , Jianwei Tan , Huanxu Lin , Xiaoguang Ma