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Anomaly segmentation is a crucial task for safety-critical applications, such as autonomous driving in urban scenes, where the goal is to detect out-of-distribution (OOD) objects with categories which are unseen during training. The core…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-12-01 Jiazhong Cen , Zenkun Jiang , Lingxi Xie , Qi Tian , Xiaokang Yang , Wei Shen

The primary objective of Continual Anomaly Detection (CAD) is to learn the normal patterns of new tasks under dynamic data distribution assumptions while mitigating catastrophic forgetting. Existing embedding-based CAD approaches…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Gen Yang , Zhipeng Deng , Junfeng Man

Video anomaly detection (VAD) has been extensively researched due to its potential for intelligent video systems. However, most existing methods based on CNNs and transformers still suffer from substantial computational burdens and have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Zhangxun Li , Mengyang Zhao , Xuan Yang , Yang Liu , Jiamu Sheng , Xinhua Zeng , Tian Wang , Kewei Wu , Yu-Gang Jiang

Anomaly detection and localization in medical imaging remain critical challenges in healthcare. This paper introduces Spatial-MSMA (Multiscale Score Matching Analysis), a novel unsupervised method for anomaly localization in volumetric…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Ahsan Mahmood , Junier Oliva , Martin Styner

Due to the high cost of manually annotating medical images, especially for large-scale datasets, anomaly detection has been explored through training models with only normal data. Lacking prior knowledge of true anomalies is the main reason…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-03-15 Weikai Huang , Yijin Huang , Xiaoying Tang

Image anomaly detection consists in finding images with anomalous, unusual patterns with respect to a set of normal data. Anomaly detection can be applied to several fields and has numerous practical applications, e.g. in industrial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Claudio Piciarelli , Pankaj Mishra , Gian Luca Foresti

Anomaly detection in graph-structured data is an inherently challenging problem, as it requires the identification of rare nodes that deviate from the majority in both their structural and behavioral characteristics. Existing methods, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Mingkang Li , Xuexiong Luo , Yue Zhang , Yaoyang Li , Fu Lin

While autoregressive Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) demonstrate remarkable proficiency in multimodal tasks, they face a "Visual Signal Dilution" phenomenon, where the accumulation of textual history expands the attention partition…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Siyuan Huang , Xiaoye Qu , Yafu Li , Tong Zhu , Zefeng He , Muxin Fu , Daizong Liu , Wei-Long Zheng , Yu Cheng

Visual anomaly detection in real-world industrial settings faces two major limitations. First, most existing methods are trained on purely normal data or on unlabeled datasets assumed to be predominantly normal, presuming the absence of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-05 Anindya Sundar Das , Monowar Bhuyan

Visual surface anomaly detection aims to detect local image regions that significantly deviate from normal appearance. Recent surface anomaly detection methods rely on generative models to accurately reconstruct the normal areas and to fail…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-28 Vitjan Zavrtanik , Matej Kristan , Danijel Skočaj

This brief sketches initial progress towards a unified energy-based solution for the semi-supervised visual anomaly detection and localization problem. In this setup, we have access to only anomaly-free training data and want to detect and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Ergin Utku Genc , Nilesh Ahuja , Ibrahima J Ndiour , Omesh Tickoo

Visual Anomaly Detection (VAD) is a critical task in computer vision with numerous real-world applications. However, deploying these models on edge devices presents significant challenges, such as constrained computational and memory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-05 Manuel Barusco , Lorenzo D'Antoni , Davide Dalle Pezze , Francesco Borsatti , Gian Antonio Susto

The detection and localization of anomalies is one important medical image analysis task. Most commonly, Computer Vision anomaly detection approaches rely on manual annotations that are both time consuming and expensive to obtain.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Sergio Naval Marimont , Giacomo Tarroni

Detecting abnormal nodes from attributed networks is of great importance in many real applications, such as financial fraud detection and cyber security. This task is challenging due to both the complex interactions between the anomalous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Jiaqiang Zhang , Senzhang Wang , Songcan Chen

Unsupervised anomaly detection (UAD) aims to find anomalous images by optimising a detector using a training set that contains only normal images. UAD approaches can be based on reconstruction methods, self-supervised approaches, and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-23 Yu Tian , Guansong Pang , Yuyuan Liu , Chong Wang , Yuanhong Chen , Fengbei Liu , Rajvinder Singh , Johan W Verjans , Mengyu Wang , Gustavo Carneiro

This paper presents a new approach, based on polynomial optimization and the method of moments, to the problem of anomaly detection. The proposed technique only requires information about the statistical moments of the normal-state…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2015-06-02 Jose A. Lopez , Octavia Camps , Mario Sznaier

Anomaly detection is defined as the problem of finding data points that do not follow the patterns of the majority. Among the various proposed methods for solving this problem, classification-based methods, including one-class Support…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-12-05 Amir Hossein Noormohammadia , Seyed Ali MirHassania , Farnaz Hooshmand Khaligh

Many unsupervised visual anomaly detection methods train an auto-encoder to reconstruct normal samples and then leverage the reconstruction error map to detect and localize the anomalies. However, due to the powerful modeling and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Qingqing Fang , Qinliang Su , Wenxi Lv , Wenchao Xu , Jianxing Yu

Recently reconstruction-based deep models have been widely used for time series anomaly detection, but as their capacity and generalization capability increase, these models tend to over-generalize, often reconstructing unseen anomalies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Samuel Yoon , Jongwon Kim , Juyoung Ha , Young Myoung Ko

In this work, we leverage informative embeddings from foundational models for unsupervised anomaly detection in medical imaging. For small datasets, a memory-bank of normative features can directly be used for anomaly detection which has…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Nico Schulthess , Ender Konukoglu