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Distributional reinforcement learning (RL) -- in which agents learn about all the possible long-term consequences of their actions, and not just the expected value -- is of great recent interest. One of the most important affordances of a…
In this paper, we have attempted to study the behaviour of the family wise error rate (FWER) for Bonferroni's procedure in a nearly independent setup for normal distribution. In search for a suitable correlation penalty, it has been noted…
We introduce a new numerical approximation method for functionals of factor credit portfolio models based on the theory of mod-$\phi$ convergence and mod-$\phi$ approximation schemes. The method can be understood as providing correction…
The importance of counterparty credit risk to the derivative contracts was demonstrated consistently throughout the financial crisis of 2008. Accurate valuation of Credit value adjustment (CVA) is essential to reflect the economic values of…
This paper presents a convenient framework for modeling default process and pricing derivative securities involving credit risk. The framework provides an integrated view of credit valuation adjustment by linking distance-to-default,…
This paper proposes analytic forms of portfolio CoVaR and CoCVaR on the normal tempered stable market model. Since CoCVaR captures the relative risk of the portfolio with respect to a benchmark return, we apply it to the relative portfolio…
Exposure simulations are fundamental to many xVA calculations and are a nested expectation problem where repeated portfolio valuations create a significant computational expense. Sensitivity calculations which require shocked and unshocked…
This article is focused on using a new measurement of risk-- Weighted Value at Risk to develop a new method of constructing initiate from the TVAR solving problem, based on MATLAB software, using the historical simulation method (avoiding…
Understanding variable dependence, particularly eliciting their statistical properties given a set of covariates, provides the mathematical foundation in practical operations management such as risk analysis and decision-making given…
The popular systemic risk measure CoVaR (conditional Value-at-Risk) and its variants are widely used in economics and finance. In this article, we propose joint dynamic forecasting models for the Value-at-Risk (VaR) and CoVaR. The CoVaR…
In economics, insurance and finance, value at risk (VaR) is a widely used measure of the risk of loss on a specific portfolio of financial assets. For a given portfolio, time horizon, and probability $\alpha$, the $100\alpha\%$ VaR is…
This research presents a comprehensive framework for transitioning financial diffusion models from the risk-neutral (RN) measure to the real-world (RW) measure, leveraging results from probability theory, specifically Girsanov's theorem.…
We discuss and clarify the XVA modelling framework specified in the paper "MVA by replication and regression" (Risk Magazine, May 2015) for including bilateral credit risk and funding costs in derivative pricing, and in doing so we rectify…
This article presents FVA and CVA of a bilateral derivative in a coherent manner, based on recent developments in fair value accounting and ISDA standards. We argue that a derivative liability, after primary risk factors being hedged,…
CoVaR (conditional value-at-risk) is a crucial measure for assessing financial systemic risk, which is defined as a conditional quantile of a random variable, conditioned on other random variables reaching specific quantiles. It enables the…
Credit Valuation Adjustment captures the difference in the value of derivative contracts when the counterparty default probability is taken into account. However, in the context of a network of contracts, the default probability of a direct…
We show how the cost of funding the collateral in a particular set up can be equal to the Bilateral Valuation Adjustment with the "funded" probability of default, leading to the definition of a Funded Bilateral Valuation Adjustment (FBVA).…
In this paper we describe how to include funding and margining costs into a risk-neutral pricing framework for counterparty credit risk. We consider realistic settings and we include in our models the common market practices suggested by…
This paper motivates and develops a novel and focused approach to variable selection in linear regression models. For estimating the regression mean $\mu=\E\,(Y\midd x_0)$, for the covariate vector of a given individual, there is a list of…
Analytical, free of time consuming Monte Carlo simulations, framework for credit portfolio systematic risk metrics calculations is presented. Techniques are described that allow calculation of portfolio-level systematic risk measures…