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Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in complex reasoning tasks but struggle with consistent rule application, exception handling, and explainability, particularly in domains like legal analysis that require both natural language…
This paper presents the first in a series of results that allow us to develop a theory providing finer control over the complexity of normalisation, and in particular of cut elimination. By considering atoms as self-dual non-commutative…
We prove that all standard subregular language classes are linearly separable when represented by their deciding predicates. This establishes finite observability and guarantees learnability with simple linear models. Synthetic experiments…
In relational verification, judicious alignment of computational steps facilitates proof of relations between programs using simple relational assertions. Relational Hoare logics (RHL) provide compositional rules that embody various…
Modeling interoperability between programs in different languages is a key problem when modeling verified and secure compilation, which has been successfully addressed using multi-language semantics. Unfortunately, existing models of…
In part I general aspects of the renormalization of a spontaneously broken gauge theory have been introduced. Here, in part II, two-loop renormalization is introduced and discussed within the context of the minimal Standard Model.…
In a regular full exponential family, the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) need not exist in the traditional sense. However, the MLE may exist in the completion of the exponential family. Existing algorithms for finding the MLE in the…
Regular model checking is a well-established technique for the verification of regular transition systems (RTS): transition systems whose initial configurations and transition relation can be effectively encoded as regular languages. In…
We introduce Probabilistic Guarded Kleene Algebra with Tests (ProbGKAT), an extension of GKAT that allows reasoning about uninterpreted imperative programs with probabilistic branching. We give its operational semantics in terms of special…
Process equivalences are formal methods that relate programs and system which, informally, behave in the same way. Since there is no unique notion of what it means for two dynamic systems to display the same behaviour there are a multitude…
A recent paper by Drewes, Hoffmann, and Minas (GCM 2023 proceedings) has shown that certain graph languages can be defined and efficiently recognized by finite automata when strings over typed symbols are interpreted as graphs. This…
We present Hypersequent Classical Processes (HCP), a revised interpretation of the "Proofs as Processes" correspondence between linear logic and the {\pi}-calculus initially proposed by Abramsky [1994], and later developed by Bellin and…
In this paper, we prove the semantic incompleteness of the Hilbert-style system for the minimal normal term-modal logic with equality and non-rigid terms that was proposed in Liberman et al. (2020) "Dynamic Term-modal Logics for First-order…
We define a general notion of transition system where states and action labels can be from arbitrary nominal sets, actions may bind names, and state predicates from an arbitrary logic define properties of states. A Hennessy-Milner logic for…
Previous works by Gor\'e, Postniece and Tiu have provided sound and cut-free complete proof systems for modal logics extended with path axioms using the formalism of nested sequent. Our aim is to provide (i) a constructive cut-elimination…
Minimizing finite automata, proving trace equivalence of labelled transition systems or representing sofic subshifts involve very similar arguments, which suggests the possibility of a unified formalism. We propose finite states…
We first propose algorithms for checking language equivalence of finite automata over a large alphabet. We use symbolic automata, where the transition function is compactly represented using a (multi-terminal) binary decision diagrams…
Organisations are required to show that their procedures and processes satisfy the relevant regulatory requirements. The computational complexity of proving regulatory compliance is known to be generally hard. However, for some of its…
Regular expressions constitute a fundamental notion in formal language theory and are frequently used in computer science to define search patterns. A classic algorithm for these problems constructs and simulates a non-deterministic finite…
The analysis of concurrent and reactive systems is based to a large degree on various notions of process equivalence, ranging, on the so-called linear-time/branching-time spectrum, from fine-grained equivalences such as strong bisimilarity…