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We extend two of the attacks on the PLWE problem presented in (Y. Elias, K. E. Lauter, E. Ozman, and K. E. Stange, Ring-LWE Cryptography for the Number Theorist, in Directions in Number Theory, E. E. Eischen, L. Long, R. Pries, and K. E.…

The Ring Learning-With-Errors (RLWE) problem shows great promise for post-quantum cryptography and homomorphic encryption. We describe a new attack on the non-dual search RLWE problem with small error widths, using ring homomorphisms to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-10-11 Hao Chen , Kristin Lauter , Katherine E. Stange

The ring and polynomial learning with errors problems (Ring-LWE and Poly-LWE) have been proposed as hard problems to form the basis for cryptosystems, and various security reductions to hard lattice problems have been presented. So far…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-08-11 Yara Elias , Kristin E. Lauter , Ekin Ozman , Katherine E. Stange

We prove the equivalence between the Ring Learning With Errors (RLWE) and the Polynomial Learning With Errors (PLWE) problems for the maximal totally real subfield of the $2^r 3^s$-th cyclotomic field for $r \geq 3$ and $s \geq 1$.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Joonas Ahola , Iván Blanco-Chacón , Wilmar Bolaños , Antti Haavikko , Camilla Hollanti , Rodrigo Martín Sánchez-Ledesma

The Polynomial Learning With Errors problem (PLWE) serves as the background of two of the three cryptosystems standardized in August 2024 by the National Institute of Standards and Technology to replace non-quantum resistant current…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Iván Blanco Chacón , Raúl Durán Díaz , Rodrigo Martín Sánchez-Ledesma

As quantum computing advances rapidly, guaranteeing the security of cryptographic protocols resistant to quantum attacks is paramount. Some leading candidate cryptosystems use the Learning with Errors (LWE) problem, attractive for its…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-18 Liljana Babinkostova , Ariana Chin , Aaron Kirtland , Vladyslav Nazarchuk , Esther Plotnick

In this paper, we survey the status of attacks on the ring and polynomial learning with errors problems (RLWE and PLWE). Recent work on the security of these problems [Eisentr\"ager-Hallgren-Lauter, Elias-Lauter-Ozman-Stange] gives rise to…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2015-09-24 Yara Elias , Kristin E. Lauter , Ekin Ozman , Katherine E. Stange

At ASIACRYPT 2018, a digital attack based on linear least squares was introduced for a variant of the learning with errors (LWE) problem which omits modular reduction known as the integer learning with errors problem (ILWE). In this paper,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Kyle Yates , Antsa Pierrottet , Abdullah Al Mamun , Ryann Cartor , Mashrur Chowdhury , Shuhong Gao

The Learning with Errors (\LWE) problem has been widely utilized as a foundation for numerous cryptographic tools over the years. In this study, we focus on an algebraic variant of the \LWE problem called \emph{Group ring} \LWE ($\GRLWE$).…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Jiaqi Liu , Fang-Wei Fu

The Ring Learning-With-Errors (LWE) problem, whose security is based on hard ideal lattice problems, has proven to be a promising primitive with diverse applications in cryptography. There are however recent discoveries of faster algorithms…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-06-22 Qi Cheng , Jun Zhang , Jincheng Zhuang

The Learning with Errors (LWE) problem is the fundamental backbone of modern lattice based cryptography, allowing one to establish cryptography on the hardness of well-studied computational problems. However, schemes based on LWE are often…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2020-08-06 Charles Grover , Cong Ling , Roope Vehkalahti

It is a long standing open problem to find search to decision reductions for structured versions of the decoding problem of linear codes. Such results in the lattice-based setting have been carried out using number fields: Polynomial-LWE,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Maxime Bombar , Alain Couvreur , Thomas Debris-Alazard

This paper concerns the verification of continuous-time polynomial spline trajectories against linear temporal logic specifications (LTL without 'next'). Each atomic proposition is assumed to represent a state space region described by a…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-01-24 Daniel Selvaratnam , Michael Cantoni , J. M. Davoren , Iman Shames

The scaled inverse of a nonzero element $a(x)\in \mathbb{Z}[x]/f(x)$, where $f(x)$ is an irreducible polynomial over $\mathbb{Z}$, is the element $b(x)\in \mathbb{Z}[x]/f(x)$ such that $a(x)b(x)=c \pmod{f(x)}$ for the smallest possible…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-06-09 Jung Hee Cheon , Dongwoo Kim , Duhyeong Kim , Keewoo Lee

The goal of the trace reconstruction problem is to recover a string $x\in\{0,1\}^n$ given many independent {\em traces} of $x$, where a trace is a subsequence obtained from deleting bits of $x$ independently with some given probability…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-01-30 Kuan Cheng , Elena Grigorescu , Xin Li , Madhu Sudan , Minshen Zhu

We propose and justify a generalised approach to prove the polynomial reduction of the RLWE to the PLWE problem attached to the ring of integers of a monogenic number field. We prove such equivalence in the case of the maximal totally real…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-04-07 Iván Blanco-Chacón

We give a polynomial time attack on the McEliece public key cryptosystem based on subcodes of algebraic geometry (AG) codes. The proposed attack reposes on the distinguishability of such codes from random codes using the Schur product.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-09-30 Alain Couvreur , Irene Márquez-Corbella , Ruud Pellikaan

We discuss the advantages and limitations of cyclotomic fields to have fast polynomial arithmetic within homomorphic encryption, and show how these limitations can be overcome by replacing cyclotomic fields by a family that we refer to as…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-08 Iván Blanco-Chacón , Alberto Pedrouzo-Ulloa , Rahinatou Yuh Njah Nchiwo , Beatriz Barbero-Lucas

We present a quantum attack on ML-KEM and related 2-power cyclotomic lattice schemes. Combining with Parts I-III, we provide an algorithm and verify the resulting approximation factor satisfies $\gamma\le 21 < q/2=1664.5$ for ML-KEM-1024,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-05-26 Ming-Xing Luo

We prove that for a quasi-regular semiperfectoid $\mathbb{Z}_p^{\rm cycl}$-algebra $R$ (in the sense of Bhatt-Morrow-Scholze), the cyclotomic trace map from the $p$-completed $K$-theory spectrum $K(R;\mathbb{Z}_p)$ of $R$ to the topological…

K-Theory and Homology · Mathematics 2021-05-17 Johannes Anschütz , Arthur-César Le Bras
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