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To quantify the complexity of a system, entropy-based methods have received considerable critical attentions in real-world data analysis. Among numerous entropy algorithms, amplitude-based formulas, represented by Sample Entropy, suffer…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-12 Hongjian Xiao , Danilo P. Mandic

This paper presents the design and simulation of a new curved monopole antenna optimized for skywave HF radar applications, with a systematic investigation of the effects of curvature and fixed-section length on antenna performance. The…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-03-10 Masoud Salmani Arani , Reza Shahidi , Lihong Zhang

Extremely large-scale multiple-input-multiple-output (XL-MIMO) is an emerging transceiver technology for enabling next-generation communication systems, due to its potential for substantial enhancement in both the spectral efficiency and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Zhe Wang , Jiayi Zhang , Wenhui Yi , Huahua Xiao , Hongyang Du , Dusit Niyato , Bo Ai , Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

In this letter, a single-layer dual-band flexible conformal filtering endfire antenna is presented. The proposed antenna is based on two co-designed folded dipoles (FDs) working at two frequencies, where the lower-frequency FD acts as a…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-26 Fan Qin , Runkai Song , Chao Gu , Wenchi Cheng , Steven Gao

The proliferation of large multi-antenna configurations operating in high frequency bands has recently challenged the conventional far-field, rich-scattering paradigm of wireless channels. Extra large antenna arrays must usually work in the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-14 Adrian Agustin , Xavier Mestre

Two novel decoupling and matching networks (DMNs) in microstrip technology for three-element uniform circular arrays (UCAs) are investigated and compared to a more conventional DMN approach with simple neutralization lines. The array…

Understanding wireless channels is crucial for the design of wireless systems. For mobile communication, sounders and antenna arrays with short measurement times are required to simultaneously capture the dynamic and spatial channel…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-26 Juan Sanchez , Xuesong Cai , Ali Al-Ameri , Fredrik Tufvesson

We characterize three near-field sub-regions for phased array antennas by elaborating on the boundaries {\it Fraunhofer}, {\it radial-focal}, and {\it non-radiating} distances. The {\it Fraunhofer distance} which is the boundary between…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-11-06 Mehdi Monemi , Sirous Bahrami , Mehdi Rasti , Matti Latva-aho

With the push toward 6G commercialization, Frequency Range 3 (FR3) bands, specifically 7.125-8.4 GHz and 14.8-15.3 GHz, have become focal points for achieving wide-area, high-capacity coverage. However, practical deployment is often limited…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-20 Enrui Liu , Pan Tang , Haiyang Miao , Qi Zhen , Jianhua Zhang

This paper presents the concept, design, channel modeling, beamforming algorithm development, prototype fabrication, and experimental measurement of an electromagnetically reconfigurable fluid antenna system (ER-FAS), in which each FAS…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-10-17 Ruiqi Wang , Pinjun Zheng , Vijith Varma Kotte , Sakandar Rauf , Yiming Yang , Muhammad Mahboob Ur Rahman , Tareq Y. Al-Naffouri , Atif Shamim

New energy-density functionals (EDFs) inspired by effective-field theories (EFTs) have been recently proposed. The present work focuses on three of such functionals which were developed to produce satisfactory equations of state for nuclear…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-09-26 Jérémy Bonnard , Marcella Grasso , Denis Lacroix

Millimeter wave (mm-wave) communications is considered a promising technology for 5G networks. Exploiting beamforming gains with large-scale antenna arrays to combat the increased path loss at mm-wave bands is one of its defining features.…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-04-21 Xianghao Yu , Jun Zhang , Martin Haenggi , Khaled B. Letaief

A number of new and planned radio telescopes will consist of large arrays of low-gain antennas operating at frequencies below 300 MHz. In this frequency regime, Galactic noise can be a significant or dominant contribution to the total…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2012-04-23 Steven W. Ellingson

As the standardization of sixth generation (6G) wireless systems accelerates, there is a growing consensus in favor of evolutionary waveforms that offer new features while maximizing compatibility with orthogonal frequency division…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-02-17 Hyeon Seok Rou , Vincent Savaux , Zeping Sui , Giuseppe Thadeu Freitas de Abreu , Zilong Liu

Accurate antenna array calibrations and measurements of aspects such as active element pattern (AEP) are critical for enabling integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) technologies such as directional modulation. One reliable way of…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-23 Rebekah Edwards , Taylor Martini , Jonathan E. Swindell , David W. Cox , Adam C. Goad , Austin Egbert , Charles Baylis , Robert J. Marks

This paper introduces a new mathematical framework for dynamic beamforming-based cellular networks, grounded in stochastic geometry. The framework is used to study the electromagnetic field exposure (EMFE) of active and idle users as a…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Quentin Gontier , Charles Wiame , Joe Wiart , François Horlin , Christo Tsigros , Claude Oestges , Philippe De Doncker

The theory, computer simulations, and experimental measurements are presented for electrically small two-element supergain arrays with near optimal endfire gains of 7 dB. We show how the difficulties of narrow tolerances, large mismatches,…

Classical Physics · Physics 2009-01-28 Arthur D. Yaghjian , Terry H. O'Donnell , Edward E. Altshuler , Steven R. Best

This paper investigates the impact of practical features of the emerging antenna array technology of Dynamic Metasurface Antennas (DMAs) when used for wideband sensing. By adopting a realistic DMA response model capturing frequency…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Ioannis Gavras , George C. Alexandropoulos

Phased arrays are crucial in various technologies, such as radar and wireless communications, due to their ability to precisely control and steer electromagnetic waves. This precise control improves signal processing and enhances imaging…

Extremely large antenna array (ELAA) not only effectively enhances system communication performance but also improves the sensing capabilities of communication systems, making it one of the key enabling technologies in 6G wireless networks.…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-03 Boyu Teng , Xiaojun Yuan , Rui Wang , Ying-Chang Liang