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Reinforcement learning (RL) provides a principled framework for decision-making in partially observable environments, which can be modeled as Markov decision processes and compactly represented through dynamic decision Bayesian networks.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-25 Gilberto Cunha , Alexandra Ramôa , André Sequeira , Michael de Oliveira , Luís Barbosa

Model-Free Reinforcement Learning (MFRL), leveraging the policy gradient theorem, has demonstrated considerable success in continuous control tasks. However, these approaches are plagued by high gradient variance due to zeroth-order…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-05 Ignat Georgiev , Krishnan Srinivasan , Jie Xu , Eric Heiden , Animesh Garg

Many challenges arising in Quantum Technology can be successfully addressed using a set of machine learning algorithms collectively known as reinforcement learning (RL), based on adaptive decision-making through interaction with the quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Marin Bukov , Florian Marquardt

Quantum machine learning (QML) has been identified as one of the key fields that could reap advantages from near-term quantum devices, next to optimization and quantum chemistry. Research in this area has focused primarily on variational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-06-01 Andrea Skolik , Sofiene Jerbi , Vedran Dunjko

Unit commitment (UC) optimizes the start-up and shutdown schedules of generating units to meet load demand while minimizing costs. However, the increasing integration of renewable energy introduces uncertainties for real-time scheduling.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-03-25 Xiang Wei , Ziqing Zhu , Linghua Zhu , Ze Hu , Xian Zhang , Guibin Wang , Siqi Bu , Ka Wing Chan

Collaboration is a key challenge in distributed multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) environments. Learning frameworks for these decentralized systems must weigh the benefits of explicit player coordination against the communication…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-02-21 Alexander DeRieux , Walid Saad

Feedback-based control is the de-facto standard when it comes to controlling classical stochastic systems and processes. However, standard feedback-based control methods are challenged by quantum systems due to measurement induced…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-14 Kai Meinerz , Simon Trebst , Mark Rudner , Evert van Nieuwenburg

Classical reinforcement learning (RL) methods often struggle in complex, high-dimensional environments because of their extensive parameter requirements and challenges posed by stochastic, non-deterministic settings. This study introduces…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Romerik Lokossou , Birhanu Shimelis Girma , Ozan K. Tonguz , Ahmed Biyabani

Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) have emerged as a prominent approach to designing safe navigation systems of robots. Despite their popularity, current CBF-based methods exhibit some limitations: optimization-based safe control techniques…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Junjun Xie , Shuhao Zhao , Liang Hu , Huijun Gao

In this paper, a novel training paradigm inspired by quantum computation is proposed for deep reinforcement learning (DRL) with experience replay. In contrast to traditional experience replay mechanism in DRL, the proposed deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-07 Qing Wei , Hailan Ma , Chunlin Chen , Daoyi Dong

In this paper, a novel quantum classical hybrid framework is proposed that synergizes quantum with Classical Reinforcement Learning. By leveraging the inherent parallelism of quantum computing, the proposed approach generates robust Q…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Sahil Tomar , Shamshe Alam , Sandeep Kumar , Amit Mathur

The task of collision-free navigation (CFN) of self-driving cars is an NP-hard problem usually tackled using Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL). While DRL methods have proven to be effective, their implementation requires substantial…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-27 Akash Sinha , Antonio Macaluso , Matthias Klusch

We study policy gradient for mean-field control in continuous time in a reinforcement learning setting. By considering randomised policies with entropy regularisation, we derive a gradient expectation representation of the value function,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-03-14 Noufel Frikha , Maximilien Germain , Mathieu Laurière , Huyên Pham , Xuanye Song

Quantum Transfer Learning (QTL) recently gained popularity as a hybrid quantum-classical approach for image classification tasks by efficiently combining the feature extraction capabilities of large Convolutional Neural Networks with the…

The application of quantum reinforcement learning (QRL) to real-time control systems faces significant challenges regarding hardware latency, noise susceptibility, and learning convergence. This work presents an end-to-end investigation of…

Quantum Extreme Learning Machine (QELM) is an emerging hybrid quantum machine learning framework that leverages quantum system dynamics to enhance classical models. However, QELM can suffer from the exponential concentration problem, where…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-24 Payal D. Solanki , Anh Pham

Recent advances in quantum computing have opened new pathways for enhancing deep learning architectures, particularly in domains characterized by high-dimensional and context-rich data such as natural language processing (NLP). In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-30 S. M. Yousuf Iqbal Tomal , Abdullah Al Shafin , Debojit Bhattacharjee , MD. Khairul Amin , Rafiad Sadat Shahir

Deep Learning algorithms, such as those used in Reinforcement Learning, often require large quantities of data to train effectively. In most cases, the availability of data is not a significant issue. However, for some contexts, such as in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Daniel Kent , Clement O'Rourke , Jake Southall , Kirsty Duncan , Adrian Bedford

In traditional reinforcement learning, an agent maximizes the reward collected during its interaction with the environment by approximating the optimal policy through the estimation of value functions. Typically, given a state s and action…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-20 Shangda Li , Selina Bing , Steven Yang

Reinforcement Learning (RL) faces significant challenges in adaptive healthcare interventions, such as dementia care, where data is scarce, decisions require interpretability, and underlying patient-state dynamic are complex and causal in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wenzheng Zhao , Ran Zhang , Ruth Palan Lopez , Shu-Fen Wung , Fengpei Yuan