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Missing values are ubiquitous in multivariate time series (MTS) data, posing significant challenges for accurate analysis and downstream applications. In recent years, deep learning-based methods have successfully handled missing data by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Jun Wang , Wenjie Du , Yiyuan Yang , Linglong Qian , Wei Cao , Keli Zhang , Wenjia Wang , Yuxuan Liang , Qingsong Wen

We propose a novel method for imputing missing data by adapting the well-known Generative Adversarial Nets (GAN) framework. Accordingly, we call our method Generative Adversarial Imputation Nets (GAIN). The generator (G) observes some…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-11 Jinsung Yoon , James Jordon , Mihaela van der Schaar

Datasets with missing values are very common in real world applications. GAIN, a recently proposed deep generative model for missing data imputation, has been proved to outperform many state-of-the-art methods. But GAIN only uses a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-04-07 Yufeng Wang , Dan Li , Xiang Li , Min Yang

Healthcare data frequently contain a substantial proportion of missing values, necessitating effective time series imputation to support downstream disease diagnosis tasks. However, existing imputation methods focus on discrete data points…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-19 Mengxuan Li , Ke Liu , Jialong Guo , Jiajun Bu , Hongwei Wang , Haishuai Wang

Multivariate time series (MTS) imputation is a widely studied problem in recent years. Existing methods can be divided into two main groups, including (1) deep recurrent or generative models that primarily focus on time series features, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Dingsu Wang , Yuchen Yan , Ruizhong Qiu , Yada Zhu , Kaiyu Guan , Andrew J Margenot , Hanghang Tong

Missing value imputation is a challenging and well-researched topic in data mining. In this paper, we propose IFGAN, a missing value imputation algorithm based on Feature-specific Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN). Our idea is intuitive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-24 Wei Qiu , Yangsibo Huang , Quanzheng Li

When working with tabular data, missingness is always one of the most painful problems. Throughout many years, researchers have continuously explored better and better ways to impute missing data. Recently, with the rapid development…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Tin Luu , Binh Nguyen , Man Ngo

Datasets with missing values are very common on industry applications, and they can have a negative impact on machine learning models. Recent studies introduced solutions to the problem of imputing missing values based on deep generative…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-28 Ramiro D. Camino , Christian A. Hammerschmidt , Radu State

Missing data is a major challenge in clinical research. In electronic medical records, often a large fraction of the values in laboratory tests and vital signs are missing. The missingness can lead to biased estimates and limit our ability…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-18 Omer Noy , Ron Shamir

Missing data theory deals with the statistical methods in the occurrence of missing data. Missing data occurs when some values are not stored or observed for variables of interest. However, most of the statistical theory assumes that data…

In an era when big data are becoming the norm, there is less concern with the quantity but more with the quality and completeness of the data. In many disciplines, data are collected from heterogeneous sources, resulting in multi-view or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-11-02 Chao Shang , Aaron Palmer , Jiangwen Sun , Ko-Shin Chen , Jin Lu , Jinbo Bi

The loss function of Generative adversarial network(GAN) is an important factor that affects the quality and diversity of the generated samples for anomaly detection. In this paper, we propose an unsupervised multiple time series anomaly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-30 Shan Lu , Zhicheng Dong , Donghong Cai , Fang Fang , Dongcai Zhao

Many studies have attempted to solve the problem of missing data using various approaches. Among them, Generative Adversarial Imputation Nets (GAIN) was first used to impute data with Generative Adversarial Nets (GAN) and good results were…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Simiao Zhao

Spatiotemporal (ST) data collected by sensors can be represented as multi-variate time series, which is a sequence of data points listed in an order of time. Despite the vast amount of useful information, the ST data usually suffer from the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-20 Li Jiang , Ting Zhang , Qiruyi Zuo , Chenyu Tian , George P. Chan , Wai Kin , Chan

Time series imputation is one of the most challenge problems and has broad applications in various fields like health care and the Internet of Things. Existing methods mainly aim to model the temporally latent dependencies and the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Ruichu Cai , Kaitao Zheng , Junxian Huang , Zijian Li , Zhengming Chen , Boyan Xu , Zhifeng Hao

Sensor data streams occur widely in various real-time applications in the context of the Internet of Things (IoT). However, sensor data streams feature missing values due to factors such as sensor failures, communication errors, or depleted…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Xiao Li , Huan Li , Hua Lu , Christian S. Jensen , Varun Pandey , Volker Markl

Traffic data serves as a fundamental component in both research and applications within intelligent transportation systems. However, real-world transportation data, collected from loop detectors or similar sources, often contains missing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Zepu Wang , Dingyi Zhuang , Yankai Li , Jinhua Zhao , Peng Sun , Shenhao Wang , Yulin Hu

Multivariate time series alignment is critical for ensuring coherent analysis across variables, but missing values and timestamp inconsistencies make this task highly challenging. Existing approaches often rely on prior imputation, which…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Ding Jia , Jingyu Zhu , Yu Sun , Aoqian Zhang , Shaoxu Song , Haiwei Zhang , Xiaojie Yuan

In the last couple of decades, there has been major advancements in the domain of missing data imputation. The techniques in the domain include amongst others: Expectation Maximization, Neural Networks with Evolutionary Algorithms or…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-12-07 Collins Leke , Tshilidzi Marwala , Satyakama Paul

With the prevalence of sensor failures, imputation, the process of estimating missing values, has emerged as the cornerstone of time series data pre-processing. While numerous imputation algorithms have been developed to repair these data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Quentin Nater , Mourad Khayati