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The proliferation of deep neural networks in various domains has seen an increased need for interpretability of these models. Preliminary work done along this line and papers that surveyed such, are focused on high-level representation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Hassan Sajjad , Nadir Durrani , Fahim Dalvi

In this paper we present a unified framework for modeling multi-relational representations, scoring, and learning, and conduct an empirical study of several recent multi-relational embedding models under the framework. We investigate the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2014-11-18 Bishan Yang , Wen-tau Yih , Xiaodong He , Jianfeng Gao , Li Deng

Deep neural networks are highly expressive models that have recently achieved state of the art performance on speech and visual recognition tasks. While their expressiveness is the reason they succeed, it also causes them to learn…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2014-02-20 Christian Szegedy , Wojciech Zaremba , Ilya Sutskever , Joan Bruna , Dumitru Erhan , Ian Goodfellow , Rob Fergus

Neural machine translation (NMT) models learn representations containing substantial linguistic information. However, it is not clear if such information is fully distributed or if some of it can be attributed to individual neurons. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-06 Anthony Bau , Yonatan Belinkov , Hassan Sajjad , Nadir Durrani , Fahim Dalvi , James Glass

Transformer language models are state of the art in a multitude of NLP tasks. Despite these successes, their opaqueness remains problematic. Recent methods aiming to provide interpretability and explainability to black-box models primarily…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Felix Friedrich , Patrick Schramowski , Christopher Tauchmann , Kristian Kersting

A basic question within the emerging field of mechanistic interpretability is the degree to which neural networks learn the same underlying mechanisms. In other words, are neural mechanisms universal across different models? In this work,…

Distributional models provide a convenient way to model semantics using dense embedding spaces derived from unsupervised learning algorithms. However, the dimensions of dense embedding spaces are not designed to resemble human semantic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-15 Steven Derby , Paul Miller , Brian Murphy , Barry Devereux

Mechanistic interpretability aims to explain neural model behaviour by reverse-engineering learned computational structure into human-understandable components. Without a formal framework, however, mechanistic explanations cannot be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Ward Gauderis , Thomas Dooms , Steven T. Holmer , Kola Ayonrinde , Geraint A. Wiggins

Cross-lingual transfer learning is an important property of multilingual large language models (LLMs). But how do LLMs represent relationships between languages? Every language model has an input layer that maps tokens to vectors. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Andrea W Wen-Yi , David Mimno

Contextualized word embeddings in language models have given much advance to NLP. Intuitively, sentential information is integrated into the representation of words, which can help model polysemy. However, context sensitivity also leads to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Yile Wang , Yue Zhang

The cooperative behaviour of interacting neurons and synapses is studied using models and methods from statistical physics. The competition between training error and entropy may lead to discontinuous properties of the neural network. This…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2017-02-08 Wolfgang Kinzel

We describe a new class of learning models called memory networks. Memory networks reason with inference components combined with a long-term memory component; they learn how to use these jointly. The long-term memory can be read and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2015-12-01 Jason Weston , Sumit Chopra , Antoine Bordes

High-dimensional representations for words, text, images, knowledge graphs and other structured data are commonly used in different paradigms of machine learning and data mining. These representations have different degrees of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Sunipa Dev

During the last decade, entity embeddings have become ubiquitous in Artificial Intelligence. Such embeddings essentially serve as compact but semantically meaningful representations of the entities of interest. In most approaches, vectors…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-09-15 Steven Schockaert

We have designed a toy brain and have written computer code that simulates it. This toy brain is flexible, modular, has hierarchical learning and recognition, has short and long term memory, is distributed (i.e. has no central control), is…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 B. Hoeneisen , F. Pasmay

We explore the ability of word embeddings to capture both semantic and morphological similarity, as affected by the different types of linguistic properties (surface form, lemma, morphological tag) used to compose the representation of each…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-07 Oded Avraham , Yoav Goldberg

Answering compositional questions that require multiple steps of reasoning against text is challenging, especially when they involve discrete, symbolic operations. Neural module networks (NMNs) learn to parse such questions as executable…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-18 Nitish Gupta , Kevin Lin , Dan Roth , Sameer Singh , Matt Gardner

Multilingual pre-trained language models transfer remarkably well on cross-lingual downstream tasks. However, the extent to which they learn language-neutral representations (i.e., shared representations that encode similar phenomena across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Negar Foroutan , Mohammadreza Banaei , Remi Lebret , Antoine Bosselut , Karl Aberer

There is a large ongoing scientific effort in mechanistic interpretability to map embeddings and internal representations of AI systems into human-understandable concepts. A key element of this effort is the linear representation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Alexander Modell , Patrick Rubin-Delanchy , Nick Whiteley

The senses of words evolve. The sense of the same word may change from today to tomorrow, and multiple senses of the same word may be the result of the evolution of each other, that is, they may be parents and children. If we view Juba as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-07 Yukio Ohsawa , Dingming Xue , Kaira Sekiguchi