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The statistical fluctuations in free-space links in the turbulent atmosphere are important for the distribution of quantum signals. To that end, we first study statistics generated by the turbulent atmosphere in an entanglement based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-02-01 C. Erven , B. Heim , E. Meyer-Scott , J. P. Bourgoin , R. Laflamme , G. Weihs , T. Jennewein

As quantum key distribution becomes increasingly practical, questions of how to effectively employ it in large-scale networks and over large distances becomes increasingly important. To that end, in this work, we model the performance of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-08-03 Omar Amer , Walter O. Krawec , Bing Wang

We address the applicability of quantum key distribution with continuous-variable coherent and squeezed states over long-distance satellite-based links, considering low Earth orbits and taking into account strong varying channel…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-01-25 Ivan Derkach , Vladyslav C Usenko

We developed a one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) system based upon a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) interferometer. This interferometer is expected to be free from the backscattering inherent in commercially available two-way QKD…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yoshihiro Nambu , Ken'ichiro Yoshino , Akihisa Tomita

Quantum key distribution (QKD) permits information-theoretically secure transmission of digital encryption keys, assuming that the behaviour of the devices employed for the key exchange can be reliably modelled and predicted. Remarkably, no…

Long-distance entanglement is a very precious resource, but its distribution is very difficult due to the exponential losses of light in optical fibres. A possible solution consists in the use of quantum repeaters, based on entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-18 Carlo Liorni , Hermann Kampermann , Dagmar Bruss

The ultra-secure quantum network leverages quantum cryptography to deliver unsurpassed data transfer security. In principle, the well-known quantum key distribution (QKD) achieves unconditional security, which raises concerns about the…

Perfect synchronization in LoRa communications between Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites and ground base stations is still challenging, despite the potential use of atomic clocks in LEO satellites, which offer high precision. Even by…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-02 Hasan Gokhan Uysal , Ferkan Yilmaz , Hakan Ali Cirpan , Oguz Kucur , Huseyin Arslan

We demonstrate a novel transmitter concept for quantum key distribution based on the polarization-encoded BB84 protocol, which is sourced by the incoherent light of a forward-biased Ge-on-Si PIN junction. We investigate two architectures…

This paper will explore the design and implementation of quantum networks in space integrated with quantum networks on Earth. We propose a three-layer approach, involving GEO and LEO satellites integrated with terrestrial ground stations.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-18 Andrea Conti , Robert Malaney , Moe Z. Win

The decoy-state BB84 protocol for quantum key distribution (QKD) is used on Micius, the world's first satellite for quantum communications. The method of decoy states can detect photon-number-splitting eavesdropping and thus enables, in…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-13 Alexander Miller

This work develops an analytical framework for downlink low Earth orbit (LEO) or medium Earth orbit (MEO) satellite communications, leveraging tools from stochastic geometry. We propose a tractable approach to the analysis of such satellite…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-14 Chang-Sik Choi , François Baccelli

A global quantum repeater network involving satellite-based links is likely to have advantages over fiber-based networks in terms of long-distance communication, since the photon losses in free space scale only polynomially with the…

A cost-effective QKD transmitter is evaluated in a 16km reach, 2:16-split PON and yields 5.10-7secure bits/pulse. Co-existence with 20 down-and 1 upstream channel is possible at low QBER degradation of 0.93% and 1.1%.

Quantum Physics · Physics 2019-04-05 Bernhard Schrenk , Michael Hentschel , Hannes Hübel

Satellite nodes are an enabler of global quantum networks by overcoming the distance limitations of fiber and free-space links on ground. The design of quantum sources and receivers for satellites, however, is challenging in terms of size,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-04-26 Srihari Sivasankaran , Clarence Liu , Moritz Mihm , Alexander Ling

We report on the first real-time implementation of a quantum key distribution (QKD) system using entangled photon pairs that are sent over two free-space optical telescope links. The entangled photon pairs are produced with a type-II…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-10-25 C. Erven , C. Couteau , R. Laflamme , G. Weihs

Quantum key distribution (QKD) based on coherent states is well known for its implementation simplicity, but it suffers from loss-dependent attacks based on optimal unambiguous state discrimination. Crucially, previous research has…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-06-05 Li Liu , Yukun Wang , Emilien Lavie , Arno Ricou , Chao Wang , Fen Zhuo Guo , Charles Ci Wen Lim

Recently, low-altitude wireless networks (LAWNs) have emerged as a critical backbone for supporting the low-altitude economy, particularly with the densification of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and high-altitude platforms (HAPs). To meet…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Zeeshan Kaleem , Misha Urooj Khan , Ahmad Suleman , Waqas Khalid , Kai-Kit Wong , Chau Yuen

In this project we examine several different quantum key distribution protocols which we divide into ones utilizing qubits whose Hilbert spaces are two dimensional and ones whose Hilbert space dimension is greater than two, these units of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-05 Yuval Idan , Avihai Didi

Semi-quantum key distribution (SQKD) can share secret keys by using less quantum resource than its fully quantum counterparts, and this likely makes SQKD become more practical and realizable. In this paper, we present a new SQKD protocol by…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-03-03 Wei Zhang , Daowen Qiu