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The Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problem (CVRP) is a fundamental NP-hard problem in logistics. Augmented Lagrangian Methods (ALM) for solving CVRP performance depends heavily on well-tuned penalty parameters. In this paper, we propose a…

Physics and Society · Physics 2025-09-22 Monit Sharma , Hoong Chuin Lau

Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly integrated into power grids, offering economic and environmental benefits but introducing challenges due to uncoordinated charging. This study addresses the profit maximization problem for multiple…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-01-21 Kun-Yan Jiang , Wei-Yu Chiu , Yuan-Po Tsai

The transition from conventional mobility to electromobility largely depends on charging infrastructure availability and optimal placement.This paper examines the optimal placement of charging stations in urban areas. We maximise the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-14 Leonie von Wahl , Nicolas Tempelmeier , Ashutosh Sao , Elena Demidova

This paper explores the pricing and scheduling strategies of the electric vehicle charging stations in response to the rising demand for cleaner transportation. Most of the existing methods focus on maximizing the energy efficiency or the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-07-03 Shuoyao Wang , Jiawei Lin

In recent years, electric vehicle (EV) charging station has experienced an increasing supply-demand mismatch due to its fluctuating renewables and unpredictable charging demand. To reduce its operating cost, this paper proposes a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-04-19 Dongxiang Yan , Yue Chen

The combination of electric vehicles (EVs) and renewable energy is taking shape as a potential driver for a future free of fossil fuels. However, the efficient management of the EV fleet is not exempt from challenges. It calls for the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2013-10-28 Emil B. Iversen , Juan M. Morales , Henrik Madsen

With the growing prevalence of electric vehicles (EVs) and advancements in EV electronics, vehicle-to-grid (V2G) techniques and large-scale scheduling strategies have emerged to promote renewable energy utilization and power grid stability.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-02 Yubao Zhang , Xin Chen , Yi Gu , Zhicheng Li , Wu Kai

Rapid growth in electric-vehicle (EV) charging demand is placing increasing stress on distribution power networks (DPNs), whose hosting capacity is often limited and spatially uneven. Beyond demonstrating that coordination can help, this…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-15 Yi Ju , Lunlong Li , Jingchun Wang , Scott Moura

Efficient energy management in prosumer households is key to alleviating grid stress in an energy transition marked by electric vehicles (EV), renewable energies and battery storage. However, it is unclear how households optimize prosumer…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-05-28 Lennart Ullner , Alona Zharova , Felix Creutzig

In this letter, we address the problem of controlling energy storage systems (ESSs) for arbitrage in real-time electricity markets under price uncertainty. We first formulate this problem as a Markov decision process, and then develop a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-05-07 Hanchen Xu , Xiao Li , Xiangyu Zhang , Junbo Zhang

Electric vehicles are becoming more popular all over the world. With increasing battery capacities and a growing fast-charging infrastructure, they are becoming suitable for long distance travel. However, queues at charging stations could…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-19 Sven Schoenberg , Falko Dressler

Electric Vehicle (EV) charging recommendation that both accommodates user preference and adapts to the ever-changing external environment arises as a cost-effective strategy to alleviate the range anxiety of private EV drivers. Previous…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Chengyin Li , Zheng Dong , Nathan Fisher , Dongxiao Zhu

With the popularization of the electric vehicles (EVs), EV charging demand is becoming an important load in the building. Considering the mobility of EVs from building to building and their uncertain charging demand, it is of great…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-07 Qilong Huang , Li Yang , Chen Hou , Zhiyong Zeng , Yaowen Qi

Multi-energy microgrid (MEMG) offers an effective approach to deal with energy demand diversification and new energy consumption on the consumer side. In MEMG, it is critical to deploy an energy management system (EMS) for efficient…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-01 Yang Cui , Yang Xu , Yang Li , Yijian Wang , Xinpeng Zou

Traditional control theory-based methods require tailored engineering for each system and constant fine-tuning. In power plant control, one often needs to obtain a precise representation of the system dynamics and carefully design the…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-21 Yixuan Sun , Sami Khairy , Richard B. Vilim , Rui Hu , Akshay J. Dave

We study entropy-regularized constrained Markov decision processes (CMDPs) under the soft-max parameterization, in which an agent aims to maximize the entropy-regularized value function while satisfying constraints on the expected total…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-10 Donghao Ying , Yuhao Ding , Javad Lavaei

Trajectory optimization is an efficient approach for solving optimal control problems for complex robotic systems. It relies on two key components: first the transcription into a sparse nonlinear program, and second the corresponding solver…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Wilson Jallet , Antoine Bambade , Nicolas Mansard , Justin Carpentier

Along with the proliferation of electric vehicles (EVs), optimizing the use of EV charging space can significantly alleviate the growing load on intelligent transportation systems. As the foundation to achieve such an optimization, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-28 Haohao Qu , Haoxuan Kuang , Jun Li , Linlin You

Demand charge, a utility fee based on an electricity customer's peak power consumption, often constitutes a significant portion of costs for commercial electric vehicle (EV) charging station operators. This paper explores control methods to…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-14 Thibaud Cambronne , Samuel Bobick , Wente Zeng , Scott Moura

Electric vehicles (EVs) are being rapidly adopted due to their economic and societal benefits. Autonomous mobility-on-demand (AMoD) systems also embrace this trend. However, the long charging time and high recharging frequency of EVs pose…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-28 Sihong He , Zhili Zhang , Shuo Han , Lynn Pepin , Guang Wang , Desheng Zhang , John Stankovic , Fei Miao