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An important task in multi-objective optimization is generating the Pareto front -- the set of all Pareto-optimal compromises among multiple objective functions applied to the same set of variables. Since this task can be computationally…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Andrew D. King

One of the leading candidates for near-term quantum advantage is the class of Variational Quantum Algorithms, but these algorithms suffer from classical difficulty in optimizing the variational parameters as the number of parameters…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-11-28 Cem M. Unsal , Lucas T. Brady

The Quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a quantum-classical hybrid algorithm aiming to produce approximate solutions for combinatorial optimization problems. In the QAOA, the quantum part prepares a quantum parameterized…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-04-23 Ningyi Xie , Xinwei Lee , Dongsheng Cai , Yoshiyuki Saito , Nobuyoshi Asai

NP-hard problems are not believed to be exactly solvable through general polynomial time algorithms. Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms to address such combinatorial problems have been of great interest in the past few years. Such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-15 Yagnik Chatterjee , Eric Bourreau , Marko J. Rančić

Running quantum circuits on quantum computers does not always generate "clean" results, unlike on a simulator, as noise plays a significant role in any quantum device. To explore this, we experimented with the Quantum Approximate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Abyan Khabir Irfan , Chansu Yu

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to solve binary-variable optimization problems. Due to the short circuit depth and its expected robustness to systematic errors, it is one of the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-08-23 Jason Larkin , Matías Jonsson , Daniel Justice , Gian Giacomo Guerreschi

A black-box optimization algorithm such as Bayesian optimization finds extremum of an unknown function by alternating inference of the underlying function and optimization of an acquisition function. In a high-dimensional space, such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-05-03 Syun Izawa , Koki Kitai , Shu Tanaka , Ryo Tamura , Koji Tsuda

Mixed discrete-continuous optimization is central to engineering design, where discrete choices interact with continuous fields. These problems are difficult due to high-dimensional, complex search spaces. To tackle them, Quantum Annealing…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Fabian Key , Lukas Freinberger , Mayu Muramatsu , Norbert Hosters

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithm that offers the potential to handle combinatorial optimization problems. Introducing constraints in such combinatorial optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-15 Santosh Kumar Radha

Quantum computing holds promise for outperforming classical computing in specialized applications such as optimization. With current Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, only variational quantum algorithms like the Quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-07-08 Daniel Müssig , Markus Wappler , Steve Lenk , Jörg Lässig

Variational quantum algorithms such as the Quantum Approximation Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) in recent years have gained popularity as they provide the hope of using NISQ devices to tackle hard combinatorial optimization problems. It is,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-02-07 Yash J. Patel , Sofiene Jerbi , Thomas Bäck , Vedran Dunjko

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a variational method for noisy, intermediate-scale quantum computers to solve combinatorial optimization problems. Quantifying performance bounds with respect to specific problem…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-30 Phillip C. Lotshaw , Travis S. Humble , Rebekah Herrman , James Ostrowski , George Siopsis

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) has numerous promising applications in solving the combinatorial optimization problems on near-term Noisy Intermediate Scalable Quantum (NISQ) devices. QAOA has a quantum-classical…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-02-17 Xinwei Lee , Yoshiyuki Saito , Dongsheng Cai , Nobuyoshi Asai

This study systematically benchmarks several non-fault-tolerant quantum computing algorithms across four distinct optimization problems: max-cut, number partitioning, knapsack, and quantum spin glass. Our benchmark includes noisy…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-10-31 Santaro Kikuura , Ryoya Igata , Yuta Shingu , Shohei Watabe

A key open question in quantum computing is whether quantum algorithms can potentially offer a significant advantage over classical algorithms for tasks of practical interest. Understanding the limits of classical computing in simulating…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-06-23 Matija Medvidovic , Giuseppe Carleo

Quantum enhanced optimization of classical cost functions is a central theme of quantum computing due to its high potential value in science and technology. The variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) and the quantum approximate optimization…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-27 Giuseppe Scriva , Nikita Astrakhantsev , Sebastiano Pilati , Guglielmo Mazzola

We apply digitized Quantum Annealing (QA) and Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) to a paradigmatic task of supervised learning in artificial neural networks: the optimization of synaptic weights for the binary perceptron. At…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-12-21 Pietro Torta , Glen B. Mbeng , Carlo Baldassi , Riccardo Zecchina , Giuseppe E. Santoro

There is much debate on whether quantum computing on current NISQ devices, consisting of noisy hundred qubits and requiring a non-negligible usage of classical computing as part of the algorithms, has utility and will ever offer advantages…

Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithms (QAOA) promise efficient solutions to classically intractable combinatorial optimization problems by harnessing shallow-depth quantum circuits. Yet, their performance and scalability often hinge…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-02 Kuan-Cheng Chen , Hiromichi Matsuyama , Wei-Hao Huang

The Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA) is a promising variational algorithm for solving combinatorial optimization problems on near-term devices. However, as the number of layers in a QAOA circuit increases, which is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-24 Owain Parry , Phil McMinn