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Out of thermal equilibrium, an environment imposes effective mechanical forces on microscopical nanofabricated devices, chemical or biological systems. Here we address the question of how to calculate these forces together with the response…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-05-24 A. Feigel

In active matter systems, self-propelled particles can self-organize to undergo collective motion, leading to persistent dynamical behavior out of equilibrium. In cells, cytoskeletal filaments and motor proteins self-organize into complex…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-05-19 Jeffrey M. Moore , Tyler N. Thompson , Matthew A. Glaser , Meredith D. Betterton

Self-assembly of matter in solution generally relies on attractive interactions that overcome entropy and drive the formation of higher-order molecular and particulate structures. Such interactions play key roles in a variety of contexts,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-04-08 Sida Wang , Rowan Walker-Gibbons , Bethany Watkins , Binghui Lin , Madhavi Krishnan

Human-created engines and evolutionarily optimized molecular motors exhibit sophisticated design in order to harvest chemical or thermal energy for generating unidirectional motion. The complexity of these motors makes their random…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-05-10 Alexander Feigel , Asaf Rozen

Thermodynamics is commonly presented as a theory of macroscopic systems in stable equilibrium, built upon assumptions of extensivity and scaling with system size. In this paper, we present a universal formulation of the elementary…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-26 Gian Paolo Beretta

The importance of molecular-scale forces in sculpting biological form and function has been acknowledged for more than a century. Accounting for forces in biology is a problem that lies at the intersection of soft condensed matter physics,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-10 K. Vijay Kumar , Mandar M. Inamdar , Pramod A. Pullarkat , Gautam I. Menon

The thermal conductivity of nanoparticles colloidal suspensions, submitted to the action of an external force field has been calculated by non equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations. For driven forces in the radio frequency and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2008-01-25 Clément Le Goff , Philippe Ben-Abdallah , Gilberto Domingues , Ahmed Ould El Moctar

Biomolecular systems like molecular motors or pumps, transcription and translation machinery, and other enzymatic reactions can be described as Markov processes on a suitable network. We show quite generally that in a steady state the…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-05-01 Andre C. Barato , Udo Seifert

Cellular functions are established through biological evolution, but are constrained by the laws of physics. For instance, the physics of protein folding limits the lengths of cellular polypeptide chains. Consequently, many cellular…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-07-09 Pablo Sartori , Stanislas Leibler

For macroscopic systems, the second law of thermodynamics establishes an inequality between the amount of work performed on a system in contact with a thermal reservoir, and the change in its free energy. For microscopic systems, this…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2010-02-08 Eliran Boksenbojm , Bram Wynants , Christopher Jarzynski

To describe the nonequilibrium states of the system, a new thermodynamic parameter - system lifetime - is introduced. Statistical distributions that describe the behavior of energy and lifetime are recorded. Entropy and obtained…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2019-10-14 V. V. Ryazanov

Current formulations of nonequilibrium thermodynamics of open chemical reaction networks only consider chemostats as free-energy sources sustaining nonequilibrium behaviours. Here, we extend the theory to include incoherent light as a…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2021-09-16 Emanuele Penocchio , Riccardo Rao , Massimiliano Esposito

Stochastic thermodynamics provides a useful set of tools to analyze and constrain the behavior of far from equilibrium systems. In this paper, we report an application of ideas from stochastic thermodynamics to the problem of membrane…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-10-25 Michael Nguyen , Suriyanarayanan Vaikuntanathan

We obtain macroscopic adiabatic thermodynamic transformations by space-time scalings of a microscopic Hamiltonian dynamics subject to random collisions with the environment. The microscopic dynamics is given by a chain of oscillators…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-12-12 Stefano Olla , Marielle Simon

Simplest extensions of single particle dynamics in momentum conserving active fluid - that of an active suspension of two colloidal particles or a single particle confined by a wall - exhibit strong departures from Boltzmann behavior,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-12-18 Amit Singh Vishen , Jacques Prost , Madan Rao

Collective dynamics can be observed among many animal species, and have given rise in the last decades to an active and interdisciplinary field of study. Such behaviors are often modeled by active matter, in which each individual is…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2021-08-31 Clément Erignoux

We use ideas from kinetic proofreading, an error-correcting mechanism in biology, to identify new kinetic regimes in non-equilibrium systems. These regimes are defined by the sensitivity of the occupancy of a state of the system to a change…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2014-04-30 Arvind Murugan , David A Huse , Stanislas Leibler

We present the full thermodynamics of a fluid confined by an arbitrary external potential based on the virial expansion of the grand potential. The fluid may be classical or quantum and it is assumed that interatomic interactions are…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2008-08-13 Nadia Sandoval-Figueroa , Víctor Romero-Rochín

Along a microtubule, certain active motors propel themselves in one direction whereas others propel themselves in the opposite direction. For example, the cargo transporting motor proteins dynein and kinesin propel themselves towards the…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-04-01 Anton Souslov , Paul M. Goldbart

We derive a Thermodynamic Uncertainty Relation bounding the mean squared displacement of a Gaussian process with memory, driven out of equilibrium by unbalanced thermal baths and/or by external forces. Our bound is tighter with respect to…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2023-05-23 Andrea Plati , Andrea Puglisi , Alessandro Sarracino