Related papers: Self-Organized Criticality Explains Readiness Pote…
While criticality is widely observed in neural networks, its underlying neural mechanism is not known well. We consider a network of $N$ excitatory leaky integrated and fire (LIF) neurons that reside on a regular lattice with periodic…
Many biological and cognitive systems do not operate deep within one or other regime of activity. Instead, they are poised at critical points located at phase transitions in their parameter space. The pervasiveness of criticality suggests…
General results from statistical learning theory suggest to understand not only brain computations, but also brain plasticity as probabilistic inference. But a model for that has been missing. We propose that inherently stochastic features…
Fatigue failure can be thought by studying the collective motions of defects inside materials instead of focusing on the growth of a pre-existing micro-crack. An experimental study of the statistical distribution of acoustic emissions…
Controlling self-organizing systems is challenging because the system responds to the controller. Here we develop a model that captures the essential self-organizing mechanisms of Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld (BTW) sandpiles on networks, a…
A novel mechanism for the generation of self-organized criticality (SOC) is discussed in terms of the coupled-vibration model where the total system is forced under the uniform expansion of the Hubble type. This system shows a robust SOC…
Synaptic plasticity is the capacity of a preexisting connection between two neurons to change in strength as a function of neural activity. Because synaptic plasticity is the major candidate mechanism for learning and memory, the…
Adaptive behavior, cognition and emotion are the result of a bewildering variety of brain spatiotemporal activity patterns. An important problem in neuroscience is to understand the mechanism by which the human brain's 100 billion neurons…
Deep continual learning requires models to adapt to new tasks without retraining from scratch. However, neural networks can lose their ability to adapt to new tasks after training on previous ones, a phenomenon known as loss of plasticity.…
Critical infrastructure networks--including transportation, power grids, and communication systems--exhibit complex interdependencies that can lead to cascading failures with catastrophic consequences. These disasters often originate from…
Local anaxonic neurons with graded potential release are important ingredients of nervous systems, present in the olfactory bulb system of mammalians, in the human visual system, as well as in arthropods and nematodes. We develop a neuronal…
The characterization of coordinated activity in neuronal populations has received renewed interest in the light of advancing experimental techniques which allow recordings from multiple units simultaneously. Across both in vitro and in vivo…
In this note, we present a hypothesis for the emergence of the phenomenon of sleep in organisms with sufficiently developed central nervous systems. We argue that sleep emerges because individual neurons must periodically enter a resting…
The origin of self-organized criticality in a model without conservation law (Olami, Feder, and Christensen, Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 68}, 1244 (1992)) is studied. The homogeneous system with periodic boundary condition is found to be periodic…
Asynchronous irregular (AI) and critical states are two competing frameworks proposed to explain spontaneous neuronal activity. Here, we propose a mean-field model with simple stochastic neurons that generalizes the integrate-and-fire…
Plasticity is a fundamental property of complex systems, such as the brain or an organism. Yet it typically remains a descriptive concept inferred retrospectively from observed outcomes, such as modifications in activity or morphology.…
The observation of critical-like behavior in cortical networks represents a major step forward in elucidating how the brain manages information. Understanding the origin and functionality of critical-like dynamics, as well as their…
A quite general interaction process of a multi-component system is analysed by the extended effective potential method liberated from usual limitations of perturbation theory or integrable model. The obtained causally complete solution of…
The stability of powergrid is crucial since its disruption affects systems ranging from street lightings to hospital life-support systems. Nevertheless, large blackouts are inevitable if powergrids are in the state of self-organized…
We present a pedagogical introduction to self-organized criticality (SOC), unraveling its connections with nonequilibrium phase transitions. There are several paths from a conventional critical point to SOC. They begin with an…