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Advances in computing power, deep learning architectures, and expert labelled datasets have spurred the development of medical imaging artificial intelligence systems that rival clinical experts in a variety of scenarios. The National…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-11-18 Rohan Shad , John P. Cunningham , Euan A. Ashley , Curtis P. Langlotz , William Hiesinger

In the modern healthcare system, rapidly expanding costs/complexity, the growing myriad of treatment options, and exploding information streams that often do not effectively reach the front lines hinder the ability to choose optimal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Casey C. Bennett , Kris Hauser

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) techniques have been increasingly used in several fields to improve performance and the level of automation. In recent years, this use has exponentially increased due to the advancement…

Scientific machine learning (SciML) models are transforming many scientific disciplines. However, the development of good modeling practices to increase the trustworthiness of SciML has lagged behind its application, limiting its potential…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-29 John D. Jakeman , Lorena A. Barba , Joaquim R. R. A. Martins , Thomas O'Leary-Roseberry

The continuous development of artificial intelligence (AI) theory has propelled this field to unprecedented heights, owing to the relentless efforts of scholars and researchers. In the medical realm, AI takes a pivotal role, leveraging…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-04 Qiyang Sun , Alican Akman , Björn W. Schuller

With many advancements in in silico biology in recent years, the paramount challenge is to translate the accumulated knowledge into exciting industry partnerships and clinical applications. Achieving models that characterize the link of…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-06-06 Michael Taynnan Barros , Michelangelo Paci , Aapo Tervonen , Elisa Passini , Jussi Koivumäki , Jari Hyttinen , Kerstin Lenk

The sheer number of research outputs published every year makes systematic reviewing increasingly time- and resource-intensive. This paper explores the use of machine learning techniques to help navigate the systematic review process. ML…

Machine Learning (ML) models are trained using historical data to classify new, unseen data. However, traditional computing resources often struggle to handle the immense amount of data, commonly known as Big Data, within a reasonable time…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 Minati Rath , Hema Date

Adaptive designs for clinical trials permit alterations to a study in response to accumulating data in order to make trials more flexible, ethical and efficient. These benefits are achieved while preserving the integrity and validity of the…

In this paper we discuss how systems with Artificial Intelligence (AI) can undergo safety assessment. This is relevant, if AI is used in safety related applications. Taking a deeper look into AI models, we show, that many models of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-17 Jens Braband , Hendrik Schäbe

Artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is a potentially revolutionary tool to achieve improved healthcare outcomes while reducing overall health costs. While many exploratory results hit the headlines in recent years there are only few…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-29 Vince I. Madai , David C. Higgins

Purpose: The introduction of artificial intelligence / machine learning (AI/ML) products to the regulated fields of pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) and drug manufacture, and medical devices (MD) and in-vitro diagnostics (IVD),…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-06-21 David Higgins , Christian Johner

The idea of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has a long history. It turned out, however, that reaching intelligence at human levels is more complicated than originally anticipated. Currently we are experiencing a renewed interest in AI, fueled…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Michael van Hartskamp , Sergio Consoli , Wim Verhaegh , Milan Petković , Anja van de Stolpe

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize brachytherapy's clinical workflow. This review comprehensively examines the application of AI, focusing on machine learning and deep learning, in facilitating various aspects…

Medical Physics · Physics 2024-09-26 Jingchu Chen , Richard Qiu , Tonghe Wang , Shadab Momin , Xiaofeng Yang

Artificial intelligence (AI) solutions that automatically extract information from digital histology images have shown great promise for improving pathological diagnosis. Prior to routine use, it is important to evaluate their predictive…

In this review, we highlight recent developments in the application of machine learning for molecular modeling and simulation. After giving a brief overview of the foundations, components, and workflow of a typical supervised learning…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2019-02-21 Mojtaba Haghighatlari , Johannes Hachmann

Artificial intelligence (AI) provides many opportunities to improve private and public life. Discovering patterns and structures in large troves of data in an automated manner is a core component of data science, and currently drives…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-25 Vaishak Belle , Ioannis Papantonis

Artificial Intelligence (AI) or Machine Learning (ML) systems have been widely adopted as value propositions by companies in all industries in order to create or extend the services and products they offer. However, developing AI/ML systems…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Elizamary Nascimento , Anh Nguyen-Duc , Ingrid Sundbø , Tayana Conte

Artificial Intelligence (AI) refers to the intelligence demonstrated by machines, and within the realm of AI, Machine Learning (ML) stands as a notable subset. ML employs algorithms that undergo training on data sets, enabling them to carry…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-07-31 Talia Crawford , Scott Duong , Richard Fueston , Ayorinde Lawani , Samuel Owoade , Abel Uzoka , Reza M. Parizi , Abbas Yazdinejad

Machine learning (ML), artificial intelligence (AI) and other modern statistical methods are providing new opportunities to operationalize previously untapped and rapidly growing sources of data for patient benefit. Whilst there is a lot of…

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