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In centralized settings, it is well known that stochastic gradient descent (SGD) avoids saddle points and converges to local minima in nonconvex problems. However, similar guarantees are lacking for distributed first-order algorithms. The…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-03-07 Brian Swenson , Ryan Murray , H. Vincent Poor , Soummya Kar

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method is popular for solving non-convex optimization problems in machine learning. This work investigates SGD from a viewpoint of graduated optimization, which is a widely applied approach for non-convex…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-08-15 Da Li , Jingjing Wu , Qingrun Zhang

The classic lower bound of Kuhn, Moscibroda and Wattenhofer [JACM 2016] states that approximate maximum matching and approximate vertex cover (among other problems) in the LOCAL model require $\Omega(\min\{\sqrt{\frac{\log n}{\log\log n}},…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Peter Davies-Peck

In this paper, we consider a general stochastic optimization problem which is often at the core of supervised learning, such as deep learning and linear classification. We consider a standard stochastic gradient descent (SGD) method with a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-27 Lam M. Nguyen , Nam H. Nguyen , Dzung T. Phan , Jayant R. Kalagnanam , Katya Scheinberg

Algorithmic stability is a classical approach to understanding and analysis of the generalization error of learning algorithms. A notable weakness of most stability-based generalization bounds is that they hold only in expectation.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-25 Vitaly Feldman , Jan Vondrak

This work aims to provide understandings on the remarkable success of deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) by theoretically analyzing their generalization performance and establishing optimization guarantees for gradient descent based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-05-29 Pan Zhou , Jiashi Feng

Algorithm- and data-dependent generalization bounds are required to explain the generalization behavior of modern machine learning algorithms. In this context, there exists information theoretic generalization bounds that involve (various…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-07-07 Sarah Sachs , Tim van Erven , Liam Hodgkinson , Rajiv Khanna , Umut Simsekli

Generalization is one of the fundamental issues in machine learning. However, traditional techniques like uniform convergence may be unable to explain generalization under overparameterization. As alternative approaches, techniques based on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-22 Jiaye Teng , Jianhao Ma , Yang Yuan

One of the most common methods to train machine learning algorithms today is the stochastic gradient descent (SGD). In a distributed setting, SGD-based algorithms have been shown to converge theoretically under specific circumstances. A…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-22 Soumya Sarkar , Shweta Jain

In federated distributed learning, the goal is to optimize a global training objective defined over distributed devices, where the data shard at each device is sampled from a possibly different distribution (a.k.a., heterogeneous or non…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-10 Farzin Haddadpour , Mehrdad Mahdavi

Despite an extensive body of literature on deep learning optimization, our current understanding of what makes an optimization algorithm effective is fragmented. In particular, we do not understand well whether enhanced optimization…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-04 Toki Tahmid Inan , Mingrui Liu , Amarda Shehu

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a widely adopted iterative method for optimizing differentiable objective functions. In this paper, we propose and discuss a novel approach to scale up SGD in applications involving non-convex functions…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2022-10-07 Saad Mohamad , Hamad Alamri , Abdelhamid Bouchachia

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) and its variants have established themselves as the go-to algorithms for large-scale machine learning problems with independent samples due to their generalization performance and intrinsic computational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-08-25 Hao Chen , Lili Zheng , Raed Al Kontar , Garvesh Raskutti

We derive generalization error bounds for the training of two-layer neural networks without assuming boundedness of the loss function, using Wasserstein distance estimates on the discrepancy between a probability distribution and its…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-04-09 Jiang Yu Nguwi , Nicolas Privault

Coordinate descent methods have considerable impact in global optimization because global (or, at least, almost global) minimization is affordable for low-dimensional problems. Coordinate descent methods with high-order regularized models…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-04-28 V. S. Amaral , R. Andreani , E. G. Birgin , D. S. Marcondes , J. M. Martínez

We study the training and generalization of deep neural networks (DNNs) in the over-parameterized regime, where the network width (i.e., number of hidden nodes per layer) is much larger than the number of training data points. We show that,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Yuan Cao , Quanquan Gu

Explaining the generalization characteristics of deep learning is an emerging topic in advanced machine learning. There are several unanswered questions about how learning under stochastic optimization really works and why certain…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-01 Mahdi S. Hosseini , Mathieu Tuli , Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

Recently, information theoretic analysis has become a popular framework for understanding the generalization behavior of deep neural networks. It allows a direct analysis for stochastic gradient/Langevin descent (SGD/SGLD) learning…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-05-03 Yuxin Dong , Tieliang Gong , Hong Chen , Chen Li

Implicit regularization refers to the tendency of local search algorithms to converge to low-dimensional solutions, even when such structures are not explicitly enforced. Despite its ubiquity, the mechanism underlying this behavior remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-10 Jianhao Ma , Geyu Liang , Salar Fattahi

The notion of implicit bias, or implicit regularization, has been suggested as a means to explain the surprising generalization ability of modern-days overparameterized learning algorithms. This notion refers to the tendency of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-12-23 Assaf Dauber , Meir Feder , Tomer Koren , Roi Livni