English
Related papers

Related papers: Importance Tempering: Group Robustness for Overpar…

200 papers

Despite the impressive generalization capabilities of deep neural networks, they have been repeatedly shown to be overconfident when they are wrong. Fixing this issue is known as model calibration, and has consequently received much…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-15 Muthu Chidambaram , Rong Ge

A distribution shift between the training and test data can severely harm performance of machine learning models. Importance weighting addresses this issue by assigning different weights to data points during training. We argue that…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-11-17 Floris Holstege , Bram Wouters , Noud van Giersbergen , Cees Diks

Temperature scaling is a simple method that allows to control the uncertainty of probabilistic models. It is mostly used in two contexts: improving the calibration of classifiers and tuning the stochasticity of large language models (LLMs).…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-28 Pierre-Alexandre Mattei , Bruno Loureiro

In machine learning models, the estimation of errors is often complex due to distribution bias, particularly in spatial data such as those found in environmental studies. We introduce an approach based on the ideas of importance sampling to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-15 Boris Prokhorov , Diana Koldasbayeva , Alexey Zaytsev

Importance weighting is a classic technique to handle distribution shifts. However, prior work has presented strong empirical and theoretical evidence demonstrating that importance weights can have little to no effect on overparameterized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-07 Ke Alexander Wang , Niladri S. Chatterji , Saminul Haque , Tatsunori Hashimoto

The goal in label-imbalanced and group-sensitive classification is to optimize relevant metrics such as balanced error and equal opportunity. Classical methods, such as weighted cross-entropy, fail when training deep nets to the terminal…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-09 Ganesh Ramachandra Kini , Orestis Paraskevas , Samet Oymak , Christos Thrampoulidis

While a broad range of techniques have been proposed to tackle distribution shift, the simple baseline of training on an $\textit{undersampled}$ balanced dataset often achieves close to state-of-the-art-accuracy across several popular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Niladri S. Chatterji , Saminul Haque , Tatsunori Hashimoto

Importance sampling is often used in machine learning when training and testing data come from different distributions. In this paper we propose a new variant of importance sampling that can reduce the variance of importance sampling-based…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-11-11 Philip S. Thomas , Emma Brunskill

Simulated tempering is popular method of allowing MCMC algorithms to move between modes of a multimodal target density {\pi}. One problem with simulated tempering for multimodal targets is that the weights of the various modes change for…

Computation · Statistics 2019-02-12 Nicholas G. Tawn , Gareth O. Roberts , Jeffrey S. Rosenthal

A key assumption in supervised learning is that training and test data follow the same probability distribution. However, this fundamental assumption is not always satisfied in practice, e.g., due to changing environments, sample selection…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-12-21 Nan Lu , Tianyi Zhang , Tongtong Fang , Takeshi Teshima , Masashi Sugiyama

Model misspecification is a long-standing enigma of the Bayesian inference framework as posteriors tend to get overly concentrated on ill-informed parameter values towards the large sample limit. Tempering of the likelihood has been…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-12-13 Owen Thomas , Jukka Corander

Importance weighting is a fundamental procedure in statistics and machine learning that weights the objective function or probability distribution based on the importance of the instance in some sense. The simplicity and usefulness of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-15 Masanari Kimura , Hideitsu Hino

Generative models of complex systems often require post-hoc parameter adjustments to produce useful outputs. For example, energy-based models for protein design are sampled at an artificially low ''temperature'' to generate novel,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-11 Peter W Fields , Vudtiwat Ngampruetikorn , David J Schwab , Stephanie E Palmer

We investigate the theoretical foundations of the simulated tempering method and use our findings to design efficient algorithms. Employing a large deviation argument first used for replica exchange molecular dynamics [Plattner et al., J.…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-02-08 Anton Martinsson , Jianfeng Lu , Benedict Leimkuhler , Eric Vanden-Eijnden

Importance weighting is a standard tool for correcting distribution shift, but its statistical behavior under target shift -- where the label distribution changes between training and testing while the conditional distribution of inputs…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-03-04 Davit Gogolashvili

Simulated tempering (ST) is an established Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method for sampling from a multimodal density $\pi(\theta)$. Typically, ST involves introducing an auxiliary variable $k$ taking values in a finite subset of $[0,1]$…

Computation · Statistics 2008-11-03 Robert B. Gramacy , Richard J. Samworth , Ruth King

Estimating the parameters of compact binaries which coalesce and produce gravitational waves is a challenging Bayesian inverse problem. Gravitational-wave parameter estimation lies within the class of multifidelity problems, where a variety…

General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology · Physics 2024-05-31 Bassel Saleh , Aaron Zimmerman , Peng Chen , Omar Ghattas

Overparameterized models that achieve zero training error are observed to generalize well on average, but degrade in performance when faced with data that is under-represented in the training sample. In this work, we study an…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-05-13 Kuo-Wei Lai , Vidya Muthukumar

We study machine unlearning in large generative models by framing the task as density ratio estimation to a target distribution rather than supervised fine-tuning. While classifier guidance is a standard approach for approximating this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Jacob L. Block , Mehryar Mohri , Aryan Mokhtari , Sanjay Shakkottai

Simulated tempering (ST) has attracted a great deal of attention in the last years, due to its capability to allow systems with complex dynamics to escape from regions separated by large entropic barriers. However its performance is…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2015-08-11 A. Valentim , Cláudio J. daSilva , Carlos E. Fiore
‹ Prev 1 2 3 10 Next ›