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Quantum Error Correction (QEC) is the process of detecting and correcting errors in quantum systems, which are prone to decoherence and quantum noise. QEC is crucial for developing stable and highly accurate quantum computing systems,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-12-31 Zihao Wang , Hao Tang

If a quantum computer is stabilized by fault-tolerant quantum error correction (QEC), then most of its resources (qubits and operations) are dedicated to the extraction of error information. Analysis of this process leads to a set of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Andrew M. Steane

We analyze the problem of a quantum computer in a correlated environment protected from decoherence by QEC using a perturbative renormalization group approach. The scaling equation obtained reflects the competition between the dimension of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 E. Novais , Eduardo R. Mucciolo , Harold U. Baranger

Quantum computing has proven to be capable of accelerating many algorithms by performing tasks that classical computers cannot. Currently, Noisy Intermediate Scale Quantum (NISQ) machines struggle from scalability and noise issues to render…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2023-09-20 Chao Lu , Navnil Choudhury , Utsav Banerjee , Abdullah Ash Saki , Kanad Basu

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for fault-tolerant quantum computation. Often in QEC errors are assumed to be independent and identically distributed and can be discretised to a random Pauli error during the execution of a…

Fault tolerant quantum computing methods which work with efficient quantum error correcting codes are discussed. Several new techniques are introduced to restrict accumulation of errors before or during the recovery. Classes of eligible…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-31 Andrew M. Steane

Quantum error correction (QEC) is essential for scalable quantum computing, yet decoding errors via conventional algorithms result in limited accuracy (i.e., suppression of logical errors) and high overheads, both of which can be alleviated…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-10-09 Xiangjun Mi , Frank Mueller

It is important to protect quantum information against decoherence and operational errors, and quantum error-correcting (QEC) codes are the keys to solving this problem. Of course, just the existence of codes is not efficient. It is…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Jumpei Niwa , Keiji Matsumoto , Hiroshi Imai

For reliable large-scale quantum computation, quantum error correction (QEC) is essential to protect logical information distributed across multiple physical qubits. Taking advantage of recent advances in deep learning, neural network-based…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-17 Seong-Joon Park , Hee-Youl Kwak , Yongjune Kim

Over the past decade, research in quantum computing has tended to fall into one of two camps: near-term intermediate scale quantum (NISQ) and fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). Yet, a growing body of work has been investigating how to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-09-02 Amara Katabarwa , Katerina Gratsea , Athena Caesura , Peter D. Johnson

As quantum computing advances toward fault-tolerant architectures, quantum error detection (QED) has emerged as a practical and scalable intermediate strategy in the transition from error mitigation to full error correction. By identifying…

Quantum error correction (QEC) with single-shot decoding enables reduction of errors after every single round of noisy stabilizer measurement, easing the time-overhead requirements for fault tolerance. Notably, several classes of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-07 Shilin Huang , Shruti Puri

The remarkable discovery of Quantum Error Correction (QEC), which can overcome the errors experienced by a bit of quantum information (qubit), was a critical advance that gives hope for eventually realizing practical quantum computers. In…

A quantitative assessment of the progress of small prototype quantum processors towards fault-tolerant quantum computation is a problem of current interest in experimental and theoretical quantum information science. We introduce a…

One of the most challenging problems for the realization of a scalable quantum computer is to design a physical device that keeps the error rate for each quantum processing operation low. These errors can originate from the accuracy of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-12-28 Christian Boudreault , Hichem Eleuch , Michael Hilke , Richard MacKenzie

Large-scale quantum computers will inevitably need quantum error correction (QEC) to protect information against decoherence. Given that the overhead of such error correction is often formidable, autonomous quantum error correction (AQEC)…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-11 Ziqian Li , Tanay Roy , David Rodríguez Pérez , David I. Schuster , Eliot Kapit

Quantum technologies have shown immeasurable potential to effectively solve several information processing tasks such as prime number factorization, unstructured database search or complex macromolecule simulation. As a result of such…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-03-08 Josu Etxezarreta Martinez

The development and use of large-scale quantum computers relies on integrating quantum error-correcting (QEC) schemes into the quantum computing pipeline. A fundamental part of the QEC protocol is the decoding of the syndrome to identify a…

A quantum processing unit (QPU) must contain a large number of high quality qubits to produce accurate results for problems at useful scales. In contrast, most scientific and industry classical computation workloads happen in parallel on…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2025-02-06 Wei Tang , Margaret Martonosi

Quantum error correction (QEC) is indispensable for scalable quantum computing, but implementing it with minimal hardware overhead remains a central challenge. Large spin systems with collective degrees of freedom offer a promising route to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-03-18 Charlotte Franke , Dorian A. Gangloff