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Related papers: The Interstellar Interlopers

200 papers

2I/Borisov is the first-ever observed interstellar comet (and the second detected interstellar object). It was discovered on 30 August 2019 and has a heliocentric orbital eccentricity of ~ 3.35, corresponding to a hyperbolic orbit that is…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-02-12 Hsing Wen Lin , Chien-Hsiu Lee , David W. Gerdes , Fred C. Adams , Juliette Becker , Kevin Napier , Larissa Markwardt

Outer satellites of the planets have distant, eccentric orbits that can be highly inclined or even retrograde relative to the equatorial planes of their planets. These irregular orbits cannot have formed by circumplanetary accretion and are…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-11 Scott S. Sheppard

In studies of the oldest solar system bodies - comets and asteroids - it is their fragments - meteoroids - that provide the most accessible planetary material for detailed laboratory analysis in the form of dust particles or meteorites.…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-07-22 Pavol Matlovič , Juraj Tóth

Since very recently, we acquired knowledge on the existence of comets in extrasolar planetary systems. The formation of comets together with planets around host stars now seems evident. As stars are often born in clusters of interstellar…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-01-22 Rudolf Dvorak , Birgit Loibnegger , Manfred Cuntz

There exists a number of astronomical spectral phenomena that have remained unidentified after decades of extensive observations. The diffuse interstellar bands, the 220 nm feature, unidentified infrared emission bands, extended red…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-08-11 Sun Kwok

We present a three-year series of observations at 24 microns with the Spitzer Space Telescope of the interstellar material in a 200 x 200 arcmin square area centered on Cassiopeia A. Interstellar dust heated by the outward light pulse from…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Yeunjin Kim , G. H. Rieke , O. Krause , K. Misselt , R. Indebetouw , K. E. Johnson

We study the destruction and modification of icy interstellar objects by cosmic rays and gas collisions. Using the cosmic-ray flux measured in the local interstellar medium as well as inferred from gamma-ray observations at the different…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-01 Vo Hong Minh Phan , Thiem Hoang , Abraham Loeb

Different pieces of observational evidence suggest the existence of disks around isolated neutron stars. Such disks could be formed from supernova fallback when neutron stars are born in core-collapse supernova explosions. Efforts have been…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-18 Zhongxiang Wang

Most observed extrasolar planets have masses similar to, but orbits very different from, the gas giants of our solar system. Many are much closer to their parent stars than would have been expected and their orbits are often rather…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-13 Daniel Malmberg , Melvyn B. Davies

The Oort Cloud remains one of the most poorly explored regions of the Solar System. We propose that its properties can be constrained by studying a population of dust grains produced in collisions of comets in the outer Solar System. We…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2015-06-17 Alex R. Howe , Roman R. Rafikov

We explore what may be learned by close encounters between extrasolar minor bodies like `Oumuamua and the Sun. These encounters may yield strong constraints on the bulk composition and possible origin of `Oumuamua-like objects. We find that…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-24 John C. Forbes , Abraham Loeb

Stellar occultations have been used to search for Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud objects. We propose a search for interstellar objects based on the characteristic durations ($\sim 0.1 \mathrm{s}$) of their stellar occultation signals and high…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-04 Amir Siraj , Abraham Loeb

We propose that interstellar extreme scattering events, usually observed as pulsar scintillations, may be caused by a coherent agent rather than the usually assumed turbulence of $\rm H_2$ clouds. We find that the penetration of a flux of…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2013-12-03 M. Angeles Perez-Garcia , Joseph Silk , Ue-Li Pen

Observations of the first interstellar minor object 1I/2017 'Oumuamua did not reveal direct signs of outgassing that would have been natural if it had volatile-rich composition. However, a recent measurement by Micheli et al (2018) of a…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-11-07 Roman R. Rafikov

We describe the structural and kinematic properties of the first compact stellar systems discovered by the AIMSS project. These spectroscopically confirmed objects have sizes ($\sim$6 $<$ R$_{\rm e}$ [pc] $<$ 500) and masses…

3I/ATLAS, the third discovered interstellar object, has a heliocentric speed of 58 km/s and exhibits cometary activity. To constrain the origin of 3I/ATLAS and its past dynamical evolution, we propagate the orbits of 3I/ATLAS and nearby…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2025-10-28 Yiyang Guo , Luyao Zhang , Fabo Feng , Zhao-Yu Li , Anton Pomazan , Xiaohu Yang

The unusual morphology of the Andromeda Spiral (Messier 31, the closest spiral galaxy to the Milky Way) has long been an enigma. Although regarded for decades as showing little evidence of a violent history, M~31 has a well-known outer ring…

The recent discovery by Pan-STARRS1 of 1I/2017 U1 (`Oumuamua), on an unbound and hyperbolic orbit, offers a rare opportunity to explore the planetary formation processes of other stars, and the effect of the interstellar environment on a…

Although the existence of a faint background of starlight in the core of the Coma cluster has been well established (1,2), its origin is uncertain. This vast sea of stars could have formed outside the galaxies, using gas left over from the…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 Michael D. Gregg , Michael J. West

We explore the origin of a population of distant companions (~1000 - 5000 AU) to Class I protostellar sources recently found by Connelley and co-workers, who noted that the companion fraction diminished as the sources evolved. Here we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-20 Bo Reipurth , Seppo Mikkola , Michael Connelley , Mauri Valtonen