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Model inversion (MI) attacks aim to infer and reconstruct private training data by abusing access to a model. MI attacks have raised concerns about the leaking of sensitive information (e.g. private face images used in training a face…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-16 Ngoc-Bao Nguyen , Keshigeyan Chandrasegaran , Milad Abdollahzadeh , Ngai-Man Cheung

Deep learning models for graphs have achieved strong performance for the task of node classification. Despite their proliferation, currently there is no study of their robustness to adversarial attacks. Yet, in domains where they are likely…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-12-10 Daniel Zügner , Amir Akbarnejad , Stephan Günnemann

Recent research has revealed that Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are susceptible to adversarial attacks targeting the graph structure. A malicious attacker can manipulate a limited number of edges, given the training labels, to impair the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-30 Zihan Liu , Ge Wang , Yun Luo , Stan Z. Li

The notion that collaborative machine learning can ensure privacy by just withholding the raw data is widely acknowledged to be flawed. Over the past seven years, the literature has revealed several privacy attacks that enable adversaries…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Federico Mazzone , Ahmad Al Badawi , Yuriy Polyakov , Maarten Everts , Florian Hahn , Andreas Peter

Deep learning is effective in graph analysis. It is widely applied in many related areas, such as link prediction, node classification, community detection, and graph classification etc. Graph embedding, which learns low-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-25 Jinyin Chen , Xiang Lin , Dunjie Zhang , Wenrong Jiang , Guohan Huang , Hui Xiong , Yun Xiang

Gradient Inversion (GI) attacks are a ubiquitous threat in Federated Learning (FL) as they exploit gradient leakage to reconstruct supposedly private training data. Common defense mechanisms such as Differential Privacy (DP) or stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-06 Daniel Scheliga , Patrick Mäder , Marco Seeland

Gradient inversion attacks on federated learning systems reconstruct client training data from exchanged gradient information. To defend against such attacks, a variety of defense mechanisms were proposed. However, they usually lead to an…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Daniel Scheliga , Patrick Mäder , Marco Seeland

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are susceptible to privacy inference attacks (PIAs), given their ability to learn joint representation from features and edges among nodes in graph data. To prevent privacy leakages in GNNs, we propose a novel…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-11 Khang Tran , Phung Lai , NhatHai Phan , Issa Khalil , Yao Ma , Abdallah Khreishah , My Thai , Xintao Wu

Differential privacy (DP) has seen immense applications in learning on tabular, image, and sequential data where instance-level privacy is concerned. In learning on graphs, contrastingly, works on node-level privacy are highly sparse.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Zihang Xiang , Tianhao Wang , Di Wang

Federated learning (FL) allows multiple data-owners to collaboratively train machine learning models by exchanging local gradients, while keeping their private data on-device. To simultaneously enhance privacy and training efficiency,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-06 Hasin Us Sami , Swapneel Sen , Amit K. Roy-Chowdhury , Srikanth V. Krishnamurthy , Basak Guler

Face recognition poses serious privacy risks due to its reliance on sensitive and immutable biometric data. While modern systems mitigate privacy risks by mapping facial images to embeddings (commonly regarded as privacy-preserving), model…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Hanrui Wang , Shuo Wang , Chun-Shien Lu , Isao Echizen

Wide deployment of machine learning models on edge devices has rendered the model intellectual property (IP) and data privacy vulnerable. We propose GNNVault, the first secure Graph Neural Network (GNN) deployment strategy based on Trusted…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Ruyi Ding , Tianhong Xu , Aidong Adam Ding , Yunsi Fei

Model Inversion (MI) attacks, which reconstruct the training dataset of neural networks, pose significant privacy concerns in machine learning. Recent MI attacks have managed to reconstruct realistic label-level private data, such as the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-27 Haoyang Li , Li Bai , Qingqing Ye , Haibo Hu , Yaxin Xiao , Huadi Zheng , Jianliang Xu

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful in learning rich network representations that aid the performance of downstream tasks. However, recent studies showed that GNNs are vulnerable to adversarial attacks involving node injection and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-11 Ansh Kumar Sharma , Rahul Kukreja , Mayank Kharbanda , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Federated Graph Neural Networks (FedGNNs) facilitate collaborative learning across multiple clients with graph-structured data while preserving user privacy. However, emerging research indicates that within this setting, shared model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Suprim Nakarmi , Junggab Son , Yue Zhao , Zuobin Xiong

Machine learning models are vulnerable to data inference attacks, such as membership inference and model inversion attacks. In these types of breaches, an adversary attempts to infer a data record's membership in a dataset or even…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Dayong Ye , Sheng Shen , Tianqing Zhu , Bo Liu , Wanlei Zhou

The gradient inversion attack has been demonstrated as a significant privacy threat to federated learning (FL), particularly in continuous domains such as vision models. In contrast, it is often considered less effective or highly dependent…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-30 Xinguo Feng , Zhongkui Ma , Zihan Wang , Eu Joe Chegne , Mengyao Ma , Alsharif Abuadbba , Guangdong Bai

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have drawn significant attentions over the years and been broadly applied to vital fields that require high security standard such as product recommendation and traffic forecasting. Under such scenarios,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-22 Mingxuan Ju , Yujie Fan , Yanfang Ye , Liang Zhao

Given the ubiquity of deep neural networks, it is important that these models do not reveal information about sensitive data that they have been trained on. In model inversion attacks, a malicious user attempts to recover the private…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-01-27 Kuan-Chieh Wang , Yan Fu , Ke Li , Ashish Khisti , Richard Zemel , Alireza Makhzani

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are powerful tools for learning representations on graphs, such as social networks. However, their vulnerability to privacy inference attacks restricts their practicality, especially in high-stake domains. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-28 Tianyi Zhao , Hui Hu , Lu Cheng