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Authentication systems are vulnerable to model inversion attacks where an adversary is able to approximate the inverse of a target machine learning model. Biometric models are a prime candidate for this type of attack. This is because…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-23 Sohaib Ahmad , Benjamin Fuller , Kaleel Mahmood

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) are a class of deep learning models capable of processing graph-structured data, and they have demonstrated significant performance in a variety of real-world applications. Recent studies have found that GNN…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-07 Jiazhu Dai , Haoyu Sun

Graph machine learning has advanced rapidly in tasks such as link prediction, anomaly detection, and node classification. As models scale up, pretrained graph models have become valuable intellectual assets because they encode extensive…

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have achieved tremendous success in the task of graph classification and its diverse downstream real-world applications. Despite the huge success in learning graph representations, current GNN models have…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Xin Wang , Heng Chang , Beini Xie , Tian Bian , Shiji Zhou , Daixin Wang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Wenwu Zhu

Graph neural networks, a popular class of models effective in a wide range of graph-based learning tasks, have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. While the majority of the literature focuses on such vulnerability in…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-05 Xingchen Wan , Henry Kenlay , Binxin Ru , Arno Blaas , Michael A. Osborne , Xiaowen Dong

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have achieved promising results in tasks such as node classification and graph classification. However, recent studies reveal that GNNs are vulnerable to backdoor attacks, posing a significant threat to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Zhiwei Zhang , Minhua Lin , Junjie Xu , Zongyu Wu , Enyan Dai , Suhang Wang

We study the black-box attacks on graph neural networks (GNNs) under a novel and realistic constraint: attackers have access to only a subset of nodes in the network, and they can only attack a small number of them. A node selection step is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-28 Jiaqi Ma , Shuangrui Ding , Qiaozhu Mei

Machine learning models are prone to memorizing sensitive data, making them vulnerable to membership inference attacks in which an adversary aims to guess if an input sample was used to train the model. In this paper, we show that prior…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-10 Liwei Song , Prateek Mittal

Graph neural network (GNN), the mainstream method to learn on graph data, is vulnerable to graph evasion attacks, where an attacker slightly perturbing the graph structure can fool trained GNN models. Existing work has at least one of the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Binghui Wang , Tianxiang Zhou , Minhua Lin , Pan Zhou , Ang Li , Meng Pang , Hai Li , Yiran Chen

Model inversion attacks involve reconstructing the training data of a target model, which raises serious privacy concerns for machine learning models. However, these attacks, especially learning-based methods, are likely to suffer from low…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-06-27 Shuai Zhou , Tianqing Zhu , Dayong Ye , Xin Yu , Wanlei Zhou

Model inversion (MI) attacks have raised increasing concerns about privacy, which can reconstruct training data from public models. Indeed, MI attacks can be formalized as an optimization problem that seeks private data in a certain space.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Xiaojian Yuan , Kejiang Chen , Jie Zhang , Weiming Zhang , Nenghai Yu , Yang Zhang

With the increasing adoption of AI, inherent security and privacy vulnerabilities formachine learning systems are being discovered. One such vulnerability makes itpossible for an adversary to obtain private information about the types of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-11 Samyadeep Basu , Rauf Izmailov , Chris Mesterharm

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have shown remarkable performance in various applications. Recently, graph prompt learning has emerged as a powerful GNN training paradigm, inspired by advances in language and vision foundation models. Here, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-01 Jing Xu , Franziska Boenisch , Iyiola Emmanuel Olatunji , Adam Dziedzic

Increasing use of ML technologies in privacy-sensitive domains such as medical diagnoses, lifestyle predictions, and business decisions highlights the need to better understand if these ML technologies are introducing leakages of sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-12-08 Shagufta Mehnaz , Ninghui Li , Elisa Bertino

Graph representation learning (GRL) is critical for extracting insights from complex network structures, but it also raises security concerns due to potential privacy vulnerabilities in these representations. This paper investigates the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Ruofan Wu , Guanhua Fang , Qiying Pan , Mingyang Zhang , Tengfei Liu , Weiqiang Wang

Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have demonstrated superior performance in learning node representations for various graph inference tasks. However, learning over graph data can raise privacy concerns when nodes represent people or…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-08 Sina Sajadmanesh , Daniel Gatica-Perez

Graph-structured data is prevalent in many real-world applications, including social networks, financial systems, and molecular biology. Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have become the de facto standard for learning from such data due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Kunhao Li , Di Wu , Jun Bai , Jing Xu , Lei Yang , Ziyi Zhang , Yiliao Song , Wencheng Yang , Taotao Cai , Yan Li

Recent studies show that the state-of-the-art deep neural networks are vulnerable to model inversion attacks, in which access to a model is abused to reconstruct private training data of any given target class. Existing attacks rely on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-04 Mostafa Kahla , Si Chen , Hoang Anh Just , Ruoxi Jia

Gradient Inversion Attacks invert the transmitted gradients in Federated Learning (FL) systems to reconstruct the sensitive data of local clients and have raised considerable privacy concerns. A majority of gradient inversion methods rely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Wenbo Yu , Hao Fang , Bin Chen , Xiaohang Sui , Chuan Chen , Hao Wu , Shu-Tao Xia , Ke Xu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) have attracted increasing interests. With broad deployments of GNNs in real-world applications, there is an urgent need for understanding the robustness of GNNs under adversarial attacks, especially in realistic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-06-22 Jiaqi Ma , Junwei Deng , Qiaozhu Mei
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